Related papers: How potentials in different gauges yield the same …
A tensor description of perturbative Einsteinian gravity about an arbitrary background spacetime is developed. By analogy with the covariant laws of electromagnetism in spacetime, gravito-electromagnetic potentials and fields are defined to…
Contrary to the conventional view point of quantization that breaks the gauge symmetry, a gauge invariant formulation of quantum electrodynamics is proposed. Instead of fixing the gauge, some frame is chosen to yield the locally invariant…
In the present article we analyze the problem of a relativistic Dirac electron in the presence of a combination of a Coulomb field, a $1/r$ scalar potential as well as a Dirac magnetic monopole and an Aharonov-Bohm potential. Using the…
The standard procedure for making a global phase symmetry local involves the introduction of a rank 1, vector field in the definition of the covariant derivative. Here it is shown that it is possible to gauge a phase symmetry using fields…
We compute the Coleman-Weinberg potential with a finite cut-off for pure SU(2) and SU(3) five-dimensional gauge theories compactified on an interval. We show that besides the expected Coulomb phase located at and in the vicinity of the free…
We provide sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions of the of the Lorentz force equation, which models the motion of a charged particle under the action of an electromagnetic fields. The basic assumptions cover relevant…
In Maxwell's classical theory of electrodynamics the fields are frequently expressed by potentials in order to facilitate the solution of the first order system of equations. This method obscures, however, that there exists an inconsistency…
A recent suggestion that vector potentials in electrodynamics (ED) are nontensorial objects under 4D frame rotations is found to be both unnecessary and confusing. As traditionally used in ED, a vector potential $A$ always transforms…
We consider the three-dimensional Dirac equation in spherical coordinates with coupling to static electromagnetic potential. The space components of the potential have angular (non-central) dependence such that the Dirac equation is…
We present results on spin dependent potentials from lattice simulations of SU(2) gauge theory. The Coulomb like short range part of the central potential is identified as a mixed vector-scalar exchange while the linear long range part is…
If the color Coulomb potential is confining, then the Coulomb field energy of an isolated color charge is infinite on an infinite lattice, even if the usual UV divergence is lattice regulated. A simple criterion for Coulomb confinement is…
It is well known that effective potentials can be gauge-dependent while their values at extrema should be gauge-invariant. Unfortunately, establishing this invariance in perturbation theory is not straightforward, since contributions from…
For Abelian gauge theory a properly relativistic gauge is developed by supplementing the Lorentz condition with causal determination of the time component of the four-vector potential by retarded Coulomb transformation of the charge…
We consider theories for scalar and vector fields coupled to the energy-momentum tensor. Since these fields also carry a non-trivial energy-momentum tensor, the coupling prescription generates self-interactions. In analogy with gravity…
We develop a calculational scheme in Coulomb and temporal gauge that respects gauge invariance and is most easily applied to the infrared asymptotic region of QCD. It resembles the Dyson-Schwinger equations of Euclidean quantum field theory…
Free massless fields of any spin in flat D-dimensional spacetime propagate at the speed of light. But the retarded fields produced by the corresponding point-like moving sources share this property only for even D. Since the Green's…
We derive magnetic black hole solutions using a general gauge potential in the framework of teleparallel equivalent general relativity. One of the solutions gives a non-trivial value of the scalar torsion. This non-triviality of the torsion…
This paper discusses the practical development of space-time boundary element methods for the wave equation in three spatial dimensions. The employed trial spaces stem from simplex meshes of the lateral boundary of the space-time cylinder.…
In this review we look into the gauge-dependence of scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) that are second-order tensors produced by first-order scalar-modes. The method includes deriving the background, first- and second-order Einstein…
We demonstrate for the first time and unexpectedly that the Principle of Relativity dictates the choice of the "gauge conditions" in the canonical example of a Gauge Theory namely Classical Electromagnetism. All the known "gauge conditions"…