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We present a technique for measuring the transverse spatial properties of an optical wavefront. Intensity and phase profiles are recovered by analysis of a series of interference patterns produced by the combination of a scanning X-shaped…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-15 David T. Lloyd , Kevin O'Keeffe , Simon M. Hooker

Laser beam profilometry is an important scientific task with well-established solutions for beams propagating in air. It has, however, remained an open challenge to measure beam profiles of high-power lasers in ultra-high vacuum and in…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-04-08 Christian Brand , Ksenija Simonović , Filip Kiałka , Stephan Troyer , Philipp Geyer , Markus Arndt

This document summarizes different visual explanations methods such as CAM, Grad-CAM, Localization using Multiple Instance Learning - Saliency-based methods, Saliency-driven Class-Impressions, Muting pixels in input image - Adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Dipesh Tamboli

Modern imaging techniques heavily rely on Bayesian statistical models to address difficult image reconstruction and restoration tasks. This paper addresses the objective evaluation of such models in settings where ground truth is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-29 Tom Sprunck , Marcelo Pereyra , Tobias Liaudat

Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) is widely used for the structural characterization of thin films, particularly for analyzing phase composition and the orientation distribution of crystallites. While various tools exist for…

The computational cost for inference and prediction of statistical models based on Gaussian processes with Mat\'ern covariance functions scales cubicly with the number of observations, limiting their applicability to large data sets. The…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-04 David Bolin , Vaibhav Mehandiratta , Alexandre B. Simas

Most problems in gravitational lensing require numerical solutions. The most frequent types of problems are (1) finding multiple images of a single source and classifying the images according to their properties like magnification or…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Matthias Bartelmann

We present a stepwise approach to estimate high dimensional Gaussian graphical models. We exploit the relation between the partial correlation coefficients and the distribution of the prediction errors, and parametrize the model in terms of…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-08-21 Ginette Lafit , Francisco J. Nogales , Marcelo Ruiz , Ruben H. Zamar

Multispectral imaging is an important technique for improving the readability of written or printed text where the letters have faded, either due to deliberate erasing or simply due to the ravages of time. Often the text can be read simply…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-20 Corneliu T. C. Arsene , Stephen Church , Mark Dickinson

We present a method of Gaussian-beam-mode decomposition to calculate classical diffraction of optical beams by apertures. This method offers a entirely different approach to examine the classic problem. Although our method is based on a…

We present an informal survey (meant to accompany another paper) on graph compression methods. We focus on lossless methods, briefly list available pproaches, and compare them where possible or give some indicators on their compression…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-04-03 Sebastian Maneth , Fabian Peternek

We report a new configuration and theoretical approach for the study of the incoherent and coherent combination of Gaussian laser beams which allows us to calculate the combined intensity at every point in space, this new approach consists…

Optics · Physics 2024-06-27 Hocine Djellout , Djillali Djellout

Graphical models are ubiquitous tools to describe the interdependence between variables measured simultaneously such as large-scale gene or protein expression data. Gaussian graphical models (GGMs) are well-established tools for…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-09 Nilabja Guha , Veera Baladandayuthapani , Bani K. Mallick

In this paper we present a simple and effective method, based on appropriate superpositions of Bessel-Gauss beams, which in the Fresnel regime is able to describe in analytic form the 3D evolution of important waves as Bessel beams, plane…

Optics · Physics 2012-06-26 Michel Zamboni-Rached , Erasmo Recami , Massimo Balma

Gaussian graphical models are used for determining conditional relationships between variables. This is accomplished by identifying off-diagonal elements in the inverse-covariance matrix that are non-zero. When the ratio of variables (p) to…

Applications · Statistics 2018-08-07 Donald R. Williams , Juho Piironen , Aki Vehtari , Philippe Rast

We derive the beam tracing and profile evolution for the propagation of any localised beam with arbitrary profile through an inhomogeneous cold plasma. We recover standard Gaussian beam-tracing, with an additional PDE describing the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Lewin B. S. Marsh , Felix I. Parra , Valerian H. Hall-Chen , Juan Ruiz Ruiz

This is a comparative study of the traditional 3D computer graphics technique of geometric modelling and image-based rendering techniques that were surveyed and implemented.We have discussed the classifications and representative methods of…

Graphics · Computer Science 2014-09-18 Agrima Seth , Deepak Mishra

This paper presents a comprehensive survey of computational imaging (CI) techniques and their transformative impact on computer vision (CV) applications. Conventional imaging methods often fail to deliver high-fidelity visual data in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Humera Shaikh , Kaur Jashanpreet

We derive the spatial coherence and intensity profiles of beams emerging from two consecutive collimating apertures, and compare our results with data. We show how to make a Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) beam by assuming Gaussian apertures.…

Optics · Physics 2008-04-12 Ben McMorran , Alex Cronin

Recently, 3D Gaussian, as an explicit 3D representation method, has demonstrated strong competitiveness over NeRF (Neural Radiance Fields) in terms of expressing complex scenes and training duration. These advantages signal a wide range of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Kun Lan , Haoran Li , Haolin Shi , Wenjun Wu , Yong Liao , Lin Wang , Pengyuan Zhou