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Quantum mechanics is one of the basic theories of modern physics. Here, the famous Schr\"odinger equation and the differential operators representing mechanical quantities in quantum mechanics are derived, just based on the principle that…

General Physics · Physics 2021-06-03 Xiao-Bo Yan

We study the non-uniqueness problem of the gauge-invariant angular momentum separation for the case of QED, which stems from the recent controversy concerning the proper definitions of the orbital angular momentum and spin operator of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-04-11 Weimin Sun

Discussions are made on the relationship between physical states and gauge independence in QED. As the first candidate take the LSZ-asymptotic states in a covariant canonical formalism to investigate gauge independence of the (Belinfante's)…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 Taro Kashiwa , Naoki Tanimura

In this paper we will present tha main features of what can be called Schwinger's foundational approach to Quantum Mechanics. The basic ingredients of this formulation are the \textit{selective measurements}, whose algebraic composition…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-05-19 Florio M. Ciaglia , Fabio Di Cosmo , Alberto Ibort , Giuseppe Marmo

Quantum electrodynamics is considered to be a trivial theory. This is based on a number of evidences, both numerical and analytical. One of the strong indications for triviality of QED is the existence of the Landau pole for the running…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-02-12 D. Djukanovic , J. Gegelia , Ulf-G. Meißner

Correct identification of the true gauge symmetry of General Relativity being 3d spatial diffeomorphism invariant(3dDI) (not the conventional infinite tensor product group with principle fibre bundle structure), together with intrinsic time…

General Physics · Physics 2017-04-19 Hoi Lai Yu

Interactions in atomic and molecular systems are dominated by electromagnetic forces and the theoretical framework must be in the quantum regime. The physical theory for the combination of quantum mechanics and electromagnetism, quantum…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-01-26 Edit Mátyus , Dávid Ferenc , Péter Jeszenszki , Ádám Margócsy

We treat continuum electrodynamics as an axiomatic formal theory based on the macroscopic Maxwell--Minkowski equations applied to a thermodynamically closed system consisting of an antireflection-coated block of a simple linear dielectric…

Optics · Physics 2022-10-27 Michael E. Crenshaw

Entanglement within a given device provides a potential resource for quantum information processing. Entanglement between system and environment leads to decoherence (thus suppressing non-classical features within the system) but also opens…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Guenter Mahler , Jochen Gemmer , Mathias Michel

The qualitatively new concept of dynamic complexity in quantum mechanics is based on a new paradigm appearing within a nonperturbational analysis of the Schroedinger equation for a generic Hamiltonian system. The unreduced analysis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrei P. Kirilyuk

We present a formulation of coherent states as of consistent quantum description of classical configurations in the BRST-invariant quantization of electrodynamics. The quantization with proper gauge-fixing is performed on the vacuum of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-06-12 Lasha Berezhiani , Gia Dvali , Otari Sakhelashvili

We present a construction of non-equilibrium steady states within conformal field theory. These states sustain energy flows between two quantum systems, initially prepared at different temperatures, whose dynamical properties are…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 D. Bernard , B. Doyon , J. Viti

We propose a list of conditions that consistency with thermodynamics imposes on linear and nonlinear generalizations of standard unitary quantum mechanics that assume a set of true quantum states without the restriction $\rho^2=\rho$ even…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Gian Paolo Beretta

Thermodynamic principles are often deceptively simple and yet surprisingly powerful. We show how a simple rule, such as the net flow of energy in and out of a moving atom under nonequilibrium steady state condition, can expose the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-30 Daniel Reiche , Francesco Intravaia , Jen-Tsung Hsiang , Kurt Busch , Bei-Lok Hu

We generalize Maxwell equations which describe the vacuum of quantum electrodynamics into the quantum form. This nontraditional approach is different from the widely used theory|-Quantum Electrodynamics. From another viewpoint, it could be…

General Physics · Physics 2010-04-27 Y. Chen , F. L. Zhang , J. L. Chen

The stress-energy tensor of the quantum vacuum is studied for the particular case of quantum electrodynamics (QED), that is a fictituous universe where only the electromagnetic and the electron-positron fields exist. The integrals involved…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-12 Emilio Santos

In this paper, we construct the coherent states for a system of an electron moving on plane in uniform external magnetic and electric fields. These coherent states are built in the context of both discrete and continuous spectra and satisfy…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-12-21 Isiaka Aremua , Laure Gouba

Recently, it has been observed that a quantum field theory need not be Hermitian to have a real, positive spectrum. What seems to be required is symmetry under combined parity and time-reversal transformations. This idea is extended to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Carl M. Bender , Kimball A. Milton

The technique of quantum electrodynamics (QED) calculations of energy levels in the helium atom is reviewed. The calculations start with the solution of the Schr\"odinger equation and account for relativistic and QED effects by perturbation…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2021-07-14 Vladimir A. Yerokhin , Vojtech Patkos , Krzysztof Pachucki

Quantum electrodynamics describes the interactions of electrons and photons. Electric charge (the gauge coupling constant) is energy dependent, and there is a previous claim that charge is affected by gravity (described by general…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-11-10 David J. Toms