Related papers: Basics of Modelling the Pedestrian Flow
In order to investigate collective effects of interactions between pedestrians and attractions, this study extends the social force model. Such interactions lead pedestrians to form stable clusters around attractions, or even to rush into…
The relation between flow and density is an essential quantitative characteristic to describe the efficiency of traffic systems. We have performed experiments with single-file motion of bicycles and compare the results with previous studies…
In a recent series of papers, we proposed a mathematical model for the dynamics of a group of interacting pedestrians. The model is based on a non-Newtonian potential, that accounts for the need of pedestrians to keep both their interacting…
Dense pedestrian crowds may pose significant safety risks, yet their underlying dynamics remain insufficiently understood to reliably prevent accidents. In these environments, physical interactions and contact forces fundamentally shape the…
Pedestrian movements can be modeled at different degrees of detail. While flux models (Predeshensky/Milinski 1971) and cellular automata models (Schreckenberg 2002) give answers to some important questions and are fast and easy to use,…
Pedestrians adjust both speed and stride length when they navigate difficult situations such as tight corners or dense crowds. They try to avoid collisions and to preserve their personal space. State-of-the-art pedestrian motion models…
In recent years, several approaches for modelling pedestrian dynamics have been proposed and applied e.g. for design of egress routes. However, so far not much attention has been paid to their 'quantitative' validation. This unsatisfactory…
Pedestrian crowds can very realistically be simulated with a social force model which describes the different influences affecting individual pedestrian motion by a few simple force terms. The model is able to reproduce the emergence of…
This contribution proposes a method to make agents in a microscopic simulation of pedestrian traffic walk approximately along a path of estimated minimal remaining travel time to their destination. Usually models of pedestrian dynamics are…
This article deals with the experimental study of pedestrian behaviours in some situations of one-dimensional traffic. Participants were pre-organized in a line, and asked to walk either in a straight line with a fast or slow leader, or to…
Understanding pedestrian dynamics is crucial for appropriately designing pedestrian spaces. The pedestrian fundamental diagram (FD), which describes the relationship between pedestrian flow and density within a given space, characterizes…
Experimental results for congested pedestrian traffic are presented. For data analysis we apply a method providing measurements on an individual scale. The resulting velocity-density relation shows a coexistence of moving and stopping…
A spatially continuous force-based model for simulating pedestrian dynamics is introduced which includes an elliptical volume exclusion of pedestrians. We discuss the phenomena of oscillations and overlapping which occur for certain choices…
Following the paradigm set by attraction-repulsion-alignment schemes, a myriad of individual based models have been proposed to calculate the evolution of abstract agents. While the emergent features of many agent systems have been…
We present experimental results obtained for a one-dimensional flow using high precision motion capture. The full pedestrians' trajectories are obtained. In this paper, we focus on the fundamental diagram, and on the relation between the…
We propose a hierarchy of kinetic and macroscopic models for a system consisting of a large number of interacting pedestrians. The basic interaction rules are derived from earlier work where the dangerousness level of an interaction with…
Human crowd motion is mainly driven by self-organized processes based on local interactions among pedestrians. While most studies of crowd behavior consider only interactions among isolated individuals, it turns out that up to 70% of people…
The fundamental diagram of pedestrian dynamics gives the relation between the density and the flow within a specific enclosure. It is characterized by two distinctive behaviors: the free-flow regime (for low densities) and the congested…
A function for the dependence of flow on pedestrian density is derived analytically from the Social Force Model (SFM) for the case of a homogeneous population walking in the same direction and being in steady state. Assuming that only…
This paper introduces an improved social force model for companion group that incorporates relative weight attraction. Based on the traditional social force model, the interaction forces among individuals within leader-follower groups are…