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The computational complexity of a quantum state quantifies how hard it is to make. `Complexity geometry', first proposed by Nielsen, is an approach to defining computational complexity using the tools of differential geometry. Here we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-04-01 Adam R. Brown , Leonard Susskind

Quantifying the evolution and complexity of materials is of importance in many areas of science and engineering, where a central open challenge is developing experimental complexity measurements to distinguish random structures from evolved…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-02-26 Keith Y Patarroyo , Abhishek Sharma , Ian Seet , Ignas Packmore , Sara I. Walker , Leroy Cronin

Graphic design is an effective language for visual communication. Using complex composition of visual elements (e.g., shape, color, font) guided by design principles and aesthetics, design helps produce more visually-appealing content. The…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Danqing Huang , Jiaqi Guo , Shizhao Sun , Hanling Tian , Jieru Lin , Zheng Hu , Chin-Yew Lin , Jian-Guang Lou , Dongmei Zhang

Harmony in visual compositions is a concept that cannot be defined or easily expressed mathematically, even by humans. The goal of the research described in this paper was to find a numerical representation of artistic compositions with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Adam Vandor , Marie van Vollenhoven , Gerhard Weiss , Gerasimos Spanakis

We apply recent ideas about complexity and randomness to the philosophy of laws and chances. We develop two ways to use algorithmic randomness to characterize probabilistic laws of nature. The first, a generative chance* law, employs a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Jeffrey A. Barrett , Eddy Keming Chen

Although computational aesthetics evaluation has made certain achievements in many fields, its research of music performance remains to be explored. At present, subjective evaluation is still a ultimate method of music aesthetics research,…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Xin Jin , Wu Zhou , Jinyu Wang , Duo Xu , Yiqing Rong , Jialin Sun

The curse of dimensionality in the realm of association rules is twofold. Firstly, we have the well known exponential increase in computational complexity with increasing item set size. Secondly, there is a \emph{related curse} concerned…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-16 Tom Hanika , Friedrich Martin Schneider , Gerd Stumme

Generalized contextuality is a hallmark of nonclassical theories like quantum mechanics. Yet, three fundamental computational problems concerning its decidability and complexity remain open. First, determining the complexity of deciding if…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-12 Theodoros Yianni , Farid Shahandeh

Decomposition and abstraction is an essential component of computational thinking, yet it is not always emphasized in introductory programming courses. In addition, as generative AI further reduces the focus on syntax and increases the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Georgiana Haldeman , Peter Ohmann , Paul Denny

The avoidability, or unavoidability of patterns in words over finite alphabets has been studied extensively. A word (pattern) over a finite set is said to be unavoidable if, for all but finitely many words, there exists a morphism mapping…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Paul Sauer

The volume of data that will be produced by the next generation of astrophysical instruments represents a significant opportunity for making unplanned and unexpected discoveries. Conversely, finding unexpected objects or phenomena within…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-11 Gary Segal , David Parkinson , Ray P. Norris , Jesse Swan

A relation modification problem gets a logical structure and a natural number k as input and asks whether k modifications of the structure suffice to make it satisfy a predefined property. We provide a complete classification of the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Florian Chudigiewitsch , Marlene Gründel , Christian Komusiewicz , Nils Morawietz , Till Tantau

Corruption studies must evolve to match the complexity of the modern world. Here, we present three main problems in corruption analysis that need to be address: the complexity of the corruption phenomenon itself and its context, the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-12-28 José R. Nicolás-Carlock , Issa Luna-Pla

Computational aesthetics evaluation has made great achievements in the field of visual arts, but the research work on music still needs to be explored. Although the existing work of music generation is very substantial, the quality of music…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Xin Jin , Wu Zhou , Jinyu Wang , Duo Xu , Yiqing Rong , Shuai Cui

This paper proposes a way to understand neural network artworks as juxtapositions of natural image cues. It is hypothesized that images with unusual combinations of realistic visual cues are interesting, and, neural models trained to model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Aaron Hertzmann

The aesthetic quality of an image is defined as the measure or appreciation of the beauty of an image. Aesthetics is inherently a subjective property but there are certain factors that influence it such as, the semantic content of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Luigi Celona , Marco Leonardi , Paolo Napoletano , Alessandro Rozza

Many circumstances of practical importance have performance or success metrics which exist implicitly---in the eye of the beholder, so to speak. Tuning aspects of such problems requires working without defined metrics and only considering…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-11 Michael McCourt , Ian Dewancker

The unreduced, universally nonperturbative analysis of arbitrary interaction process, described by a quite general equation, provides the truly complete, "dynamically multivalued" general solution that leads to dynamically derived,…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrei P. Kirilyuk

To say that beauty is in the eye of the beholder means that beauty is largely subjective so varies from person to person. While the subjectivity view is commonly held, there is also an objectivity view that seeks to measure beauty or…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-08-10 Bin Jiang , Chris de Rijke

Some aspects of the development of physics and the mathematics set one think about relation between complex numbers and reality around us. If number to spot as the relation of two quantities, from the fact of existence of complex numbers…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 V. V. Lyahov , V. M. Nechshadim
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