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The validation of NASA Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) satellite precipitation products is important for their credibility and utility within the larger community. This document defines GPM ground validation scientific objectives and…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Yuter , R. Houze , V. Chandrasekar , E. Foufoula-Georgiou , M. Hagen , R. Johnson , D. Kingsmill , R. Lawrence , F. Marks , S. Rutledge , J. Weinman

Accurate rainfall data are crucial for effective climate services, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, where agriculture depends heavily on rain-fed systems. The sparse distribution of rain-gauge networks necessitates reliance on satellite…

Applications · Statistics 2025-04-14 John Bagiliko , David Stern , Denis Ndanguza , Francis Feehi Torgbor

The Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor (GECAM) satellite consists of two small satellites. Each GECAM payload contains 25 gamma ray detectors (GRD) and 8 charged particle detectors (CPD). GRD is the…

Accurate precipitation forecasting is crucial for early warnings of disasters, such as floods and landslides. Traditional forecasts rely on ground-based radar systems, which are space-constrained and have high maintenance costs.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Young-Jae Park , Doyi Kim , Minseok Seo , Hae-Gon Jeon , Yeji Choi

Precipitable water vapour (PWV) strongly affects the quality of data obtained from millimetre- and submillimetre-wave astronomical observations, such as those for cosmic microwave background measurements. Some of these observatories have…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-16 Junna Sugiyama , Haruki Nishino , Akito Kusaka

Monitoring changes of precipitation phase from space is important for understanding the mass balance of Earth's cryosphere in a changing climate. This paper examines a Bayesian nearest neighbor approach for prognostic detection of…

Satellite precipitation retrieval algorithms whose measurement instruments are tilted to the zenith line are subject to a spatial mismatch between the theoretical ground coordinates and the coordinate pair corresponding to the cloud layers…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-24 Andres F. Monsalve , Hernan A. Moreno , Eric Goldenstern , Christian Kummerow

This paper presents an algorithm that relies on a series of dense and deep neural networks for passive microwave retrieval of precipitation. The neural networks learn from coincidences of brightness temperatures from the Global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Reyhaneh Rahimi , Sajad Vahedizadeh , Ardeshir Ebtehaj

Incomplete satellite-based precipitation presents a significant challenge in global monitoring. For example, the Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) from JAXA suffers from substantial missing regions due to the orbital…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Daiko Kishikawa , Yuka Muto , Shunji Kotsuki

Background: Each GECAM satellite payload contains 25 gamma-ray detectors (GRDs), which can detect gamma-rays and particles and can roughly localize the Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). GRD was designed using lanthanum bromide (LaBr3) crystal as the…

We present, motivate, and evaluate Radar Maxima, a calibrated area-based probabilistic forecast product for heavy precipitation. It is designed to overcome inherent limitations of point-based forecasts, which often yield low probabilities…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Reinhold Hess

Localizing ground devices (GDs) is an important requirement for a wide variety of applications, such as infrastructure monitoring, precision agriculture, search and rescue operations, to name a few. To this end, unmanned aerial vehicles…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-17 Francesco Betti Sorbelli , Cristina M. Pinotti , Simone Silvestri , Sajal K. Das

Current global precipitation estimates from spaceborne precipitation radars are limited by their sensitivity to light and frozen precipitation, leading to systematic underestimation of precipitation at high latitudes. Because passive…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Simon Pfreundschuh , Christian D. Kummerow

4D millimeter-wave (mmWave) radars are sensors that provide robustness against adverse weather conditions (rain, snow, fog, etc.), and as such they are increasingly used for odometry and SLAM (Simultaneous Location and Mapping). However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Fernando Amodeo , Luis Merino , Fernando Caballero

As the main detector of the GECAM satellite, the calibration of the energy response and detection efficiency of the GRD detector is the main content of the ground-based calibration. The calibration goal requires the calibrated energy points…

Gridded estimated rainfall intensity values at very high spatial and temporal resolution levels are needed as main inputs for weather prediction models to obtain accurate precipitation forecasts, and to verify the performance of…

Applications · Statistics 2009-01-23 Montserrat Fuentes , Brian Reich , Gyuwon Lee

Precipitation forecasting relies on heterogeneous data. Weather radar is accurate, but coverage is geographically limited and costly to maintain. Weather stations provide accurate but sparse point measurements, while satellites offer dense,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Doyi Kim , Minseok Seo , Changick Kim

Obtaining reliable precipitation estimation with high resolutions in time and space is of great importance to hydrological studies. However, accurately estimating precipitation is a challenging task over high mountainous complex terrain.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Yihan Wang , Lujun Zhang

There has been exciting recent progress in using radar as a sensor for robot navigation due to its increased robustness to varying environmental conditions. However, within these different radar perception systems, ground penetrating radar…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Alexander Baikovitz , Paloma Sodhi , Michael Dille , Michael Kaess

Current satellite precipitation retrievals like GPROF assume that brightness temperature is sufficient to constrain rainfall. This information, however, often represents multiple rain states, resulting in rainfall estimate uncertainties.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-10-23 Eric Goldenstern , Christian Kummerow
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