Related papers: Characterization of Fundamental Particles
This is a non-technical presentation (in historical context) of the quantum theory that is strictly based on global unitarity. While the first part was written for a general readership, Sect. 5 may appear a bit provocative. I argue that the…
A relativistic quantized particle model avoids difficulties through (1) a Hamiltonian undecomposable into H=H(0)+H(I), (2) a separation of the evolution parameter s from dynamics, (3) "leptons" and "hadrons" composed of "quarks," and (4)…
In the framework of the Weyl-Dirac version of Wesson's Induced Matter Theory, spherically symmetric entities filled with an electrically charged substance are obtained in the empty 4D space-time, the brane. The substance, characterized by…
Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the generally accepted theory for the strong interactions, describes the interactions between quarks and gluons. The strongly interacting particles that are seen in nature are hadrons, which are composites of…
The synthesis of molecular magnets has undergone rapid progress in recent years. Each of the identical molecular units can contain as few as two and up to several dozens of paramagnetic ions (spins). Although these materials appear as…
We study effective models describing systems of quantum particles interacting with quantized (electromagnetic) fields in the quasi-classical regime, i.e., when the field's state shows a large average number of excitations. Once the field's…
The quark masses evaluated by the Particle Data Group are consistent with terms in a geometric progression of mass values descending from the Planck Mass. The common ratio of the sequence is 2/pi. The quarks occupy the 'principal' levels of…
Since the particles such as molecules, atoms and nuclei are composite particles, it is important to recognize that physics must be invariant for the composite particles and their constituent particles, this requirement is called particle…
Preons are hypothetic constituents of the standard particles. They were initially assumed to have basically similar properties to those of conventional matter. But this is not necessarily the case: the ultimate constituents of matter may…
In this article, we discuss the identity and indistinguishability of quantum systems and the consequent need to introduce an extra postulate in Quantum Mechanics to correctly describe situations involving indistinguishable particles. This…
The interaction of mesoscopic interference devices with nonclassical electromagnetic fields is studied. The external quantum fields induce a phase factor on the electric charges. This phase factor, which is a generalization of the standard…
The search for new elementary particles is one of the most basic pursuits in physics, spanning from subatomic physics to quantum materials. Magnons are the ubiquitous elementary quasiparticle to describe the excitations of fully-ordered…
Proton-proton collision is a simple system to investigate nuclear matter and it is considered to be a guide for more sophisticated processes in the proton-nucleus and the nucleus-nucleus collisions. In this article, we present a…
The features of vacuum particle creation in an external classical field are studied for simplest external field models in $3 + 1$ dimensional QED. The investigation is based on a kinetic equation that is a nonperturbative consequence of the…
The mechanism of backbending is semi-phenomenologically investigated based on the hybridization of two rotational bands. These bands are defined by treating a model Hamiltonian describing two interacting subsystems: a set of particles…
All quantum field theories that describe interacting bosonic elementary particles, share the feature that the zeroth order perturbation expansion describes non-interacting harmonic oscillators. This is explained in the paper. We then…
Wave-particle duality and the superposition of quantum mechanical states furnish quantum mechanics with unique features which distinguishes it from classical mechanics and give it the apparently counter-intuition interpretation. The two…
Proceeding from the main principles of the non-unitary quantum theory of relativistic bi-Hamiltonian systems, a system of Lagrangian fields characterized by a certain dispersion law (mass spectrum of particles), interactions between them…
We discuss the dynamics of a classical spinless quantum particle carrying electric charge and constrained to move on a non singular static surface in ordinary three dimensional space in the presence of arbitrary configurations of time…
By means of a particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation, we study the interaction between a uniform magnetized ambient electron-proton plasma at rest and an unmagnetized pair plasma, which we inject at one simulation boundary with a mildly…