Related papers: Charge Independence and Charge Symmetry
I review important aspects of the relation between center vortices and topological charge, leading to chiral symmetry breaking.
Properties of finite nuclei are investigated based on relativistic Hartree equations which have been derived from a relativistic quark model of the structure of bound nucleons. Nucleons are assumed to interact through the (self-consistent)…
Symmetry, irreversibility, and quantum coherence are foundational concepts in physics. Here, we present a universal tradeoff relation between these three concepts. This particularly reveals that (1) under a global symmetry, any attempt to…
We review the concept of chirality and charge for particles and antiparticles. We point out that the commonly accepted equivalence of particles and antiparticles - with difference only in the opposite signs of their charges, which follows…
Quark interactions with topological gluon fields in QCD can yield local $\mathcal{P}$ and $\mathcal{CP}$ violations which could explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry in our universe. Effects of $\mathcal{P}$ and $\mathcal{CP}$ violations…
Symmetry energy terms from macroscopic mass formulae are investigated as generalized polarizabilities of nuclear matter. Besides the neutron-proton (n-p) symmetry energy the spin dependent symmetry energies and a scalar one are also…
Charge equilibration between two colliding nuclei can take place in the early stage of heavy-ion collisions. A basic mechanism of charge equilibration is presented in terms of the extension of single-particle motion from one nucleus to the…
The symmetry energy describes how the energy of nuclear matter rises as one goes away from equal numbers of neutrons and protons. This is very important to describe neutron rich matter in astrophysics. This article reviews our knowledge of…
We discuss the possible influence of fundamental QCD properties such as spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and nucleon substructure on nuclear matter properties. We propose a chiral version of the relativistic $\sigma-\omega$ model in…
The space charge forces are those generated directly by the charge distribution, with the inclusion of the image charges and currents due to the interaction of the beam with a perfectly conducting smooth pipe. Space charge forces are…
For the first time, charge symmetry breaking terms in parton distribution functions have been included in a global fit to high energy data. We review the results obtained for both valence and sea quark charge symmetry violation, and we…
We re-consider the quantum mechanics of scale invariant potentials in two dimensions. The breaking of scale invariance by quantum effects is analyzed by the explicit evaluation of the phase shift and the self-adjoint extension method. We…
The group theoretical analysis of the Coleman-Glashow tadpole picture of "meson-mixing" is quantitatively reproduced by the u-d constituent quark mass difference in quantum loop calculations of the self-energies of mesons. This…
Spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking is accepted to occur in low energy hadronic physics, resulting in the several successful theorems of PCAC. On the other hand scalar confinement is suggested both by the spectroscopy of hadrons and by the…
The energies of a pair of strongly-interacting subsystems with arbitrary noninteger charges are examined from closed and open system perspectives. An ensemble representation of the charge dependence is derived, valid at all interaction…
Effects of electroweak phase transition (EWPT) in balance between baryon excess and the excess of stable quarks of new generation is studied. With the conservation of SU(2) symmetry and other quantum numbers, it makes possible sphaleron…
Quantum scale symmetry is the realization of scale invariance in a quantum field theory. No parameters with dimension of length or mass are present in the quantum effective action. Quantum scale symmetry is generated by quantum fluctuations…
It has been suggested that local parity violation in QCD would lead to charge separation of quarks by the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) in heavy ion collisions. Charge separation could yield a dynamical charge multiplicity asymmetry with…
We derive the equation of state of nuclear matter including vacuum polarization effects arising from the nucleons and the sigma mesons in the quark-meson coupling model which incorporates explicitly quark degrees of freedom with quark…
When energy of colliding nuclei is between 100-600 MeV/nucleon then multifragmentation take place. By studying the fragments (at final stage of reaction) we can seize the idea about initial condition and various other parameter which…