The u-d quark mass difference and nuclear charge symmetry breaking

The group theoretical analysis of the Coleman-Glashow tadpole picture of "meson-mixing" is quantitatively reproduced by the u-d constituent quark mass difference in quantum loop calculations of the self-energies of mesons. This demonstration that the Coleman-Glashow scales can be directly calculated from the constituent $u - d$ quark mass difference finishes the link between charge symmetry breaking in low energy nuclear physics and the $u - d$ quark mass difference in particle physics.