Related papers: Fluctuations in the Canonical Ensemble
This paper develops a gravitational-thermodynamic interpretation of two ensemble structures with singular behavior, denoted as canonical ensemble A and grand canonical ensemble B. Ensemble A is modeled as a stellar-type system in which…
Traditionally, it is understood that fluctuations in the equilibrium distribution are not evident in thermodynamic systems of large $N$ (the number of particles in the system) \cite{Huang1}. In this paper we examine the validity of this…
We present microcanonical ensemble calculations of particle number fluctuations in the ideal pion gas approaching Bose-Einstein condensation. In the samples of events with a fixed number of all pions, $N_{\pi}$, one may observe a prominent…
A description of mesoscopic fluctuations of the pairing gap in finite-sized quantum systems based on periodic orbit theory is presented. The size of the fluctuations are found to depend on quite general properties. We distinguish between…
Bose-Einstein condensation represents a remarkable phase transition, characterized by the formation of a single quantum subsystem. As a result, the statistical properties of the condensate are highly unique. In the case of a Bose gas, while…
A quantization method based on replacement of c-number by c-number parameterized by an unbiased hidden random variable is developed. In contrast to canonical quantization, the replacement has straightforward physical interpretation as…
In these proceedings, I shall review the basic concepts of perturbative QCD in its high-energy limit. I shall concentrate on the approach to the unitarity limit, usually referred to as saturation, as well as on the gluon-number fluctuations…
Uniformity of the probability measure of phase space is considered in the framework of classical equilibrium thermodynamics. For the canonical and the grand canonical ensembles, relations are given between the phase space uniformities and…
A brief introduction to the gauge invariant classical and quantum theory of cosmological perturbations is given. The formalism is applied to inflationary Universe models and yields a consistent and unified description of the generation and…
Bulk fluctuations of conserved charges measured by event-by-event analysis in relativistic heavy ion collisions are observables which are believed to carry significant amount of information on the hot medium created by the collisions.…
We investigate fluctuations in the canonical ensemble of an Abelian charge, such as baryon number. Our focus is on cumulants and factorial cumulants of baryon and antibaryon multiplicity distributions, including their sum and difference, in…
In statistical mechanics, any quantum system in equilibrium with its weakly coupled reservoir is described by a canonical state at the same temperature as the reservoir. Here, by studying the equilibration dynamics of a harmonic oscillator…
Several theoretical results concerning event-by-event fluctuations are discussed: (1) a role of the global conservation laws and concept of statistical ensembles; (2) strongly intensive measures are introduced; they give a possibility to…
A quantum statistical model of nuclear multifragmentation is proposed. The recurrence equation method used within the canonical ensemble makes the model solvable and transparent to physical assumptions and allows to get results without…
Microcanonical thermodynamics (MCTh) is contrasted to canonical thermodynamics (CTh). At phase transitions of 1.order the two ensembles are NOT equivalent even in the thermodynamic limit . Energy fluctuations do not vanish and phase…
Systems with long range interactions in general are not additive, which can lead to an inequivalence of the microcanonical and canonical ensembles. The microcanonical ensemble may show richer behavior than the canonical one, including…
The very notion of a current fluctuation is problematic in the quantum context. We study that problem in the context of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, both in a microscopic setup and in a Markovian model. Our answer is based on a…
We present a self-contained theory for the exact calculation of particle number counting statistics of non-interacting indistinguishable particles in the canonical ensemble. This general framework introduces the concept of auxiliary…
We analyze fluctuations of quark number and electric charge, in 2-flavour QCD at finite temperature and vanishing net baryon number density. In the hadronic phase we find that an enhancement of charge fluctuations arises from contributions…
It is shown that large chemical potential leads to the significant increase of multiplicity fluctuations for bosons, and makes the fluctuations infinite in the case of Bose-Einstein condensation. It allows to distinguish between the models…