Related papers: Short Ropes and Long Knots
We introduce a new numerical knot invariant, termed the \textit{segment number}, which is derived from partitioned knot diagrams subject to specific over/under-crossing constraints. We prove that a knot is non-trivial if and only if its…
Knot contact homology is an invariant of knots derived from Legendrian contact homology which has numerous connections to the knot group. We use basic properties of knot groups to prove that knot contact homology detects every torus knot.…
We show that if X is a minimal length carrier graph in a hyperbolic 3-manifold, M, then if X contains a sufficiently short edge, it must contain a short circuit, as well. The meaning of "short" depends only on the rank of the fundamental…
Two fundamental objects in knot theory are the minimal genus surface and the least area surface bounded by a knot in a 3-dimensional manifold. When the knot is embedded in a general 3-manifold, the problems of finding these surfaces were…
Any knot $K$ in genus-$1$ $1$-bridge position can be moved by isotopy to lie in a union of $n$ parallel tori tubed by $n-1$ tubes so that $K$ intersects each tube in two spanning arcs, which we call a leveling of the position. The minimal…
A near-group category is an additively semisimple category with a product such that all but one of the simple objects is invertible. We classify braided structures on near-group categories, and give explicit numerical formulas for their…
We report on the geometry and mechanics of knotted stiff strings. We discuss both closed and open knots. Our two main results are: (i) Their equilibrium energy as well as the equilibrium tension for open knots depend on the type of knot as…
A virtual knot, which is one of generalizations of knots in $\mathbb{R}^{3}$ (or $S^{3}$), is, roughly speaking, an embedded circle in thickened surface $S_{g} \times I$. In this talk we will discuss about knots in 3 dimensional $S_{g}…
We show that every knot has a checkerbord diagram and that every knot is the closure of a rosette braid. We define Fourier knots of type (n_1, n_2, n_3) as knots which have parametrizations where each coordinate function x_i(t) is a finite…
We study the spaces of embeddings $S^m\hookrightarrow R^n$ and those of long embeddings $R^m\hookrightarrow R^n$, i.e. embeddings of a fixed behavior outside a compact set. More precisely we look at the homotopy fiber of the inclusion of…
Motivated by the approach of random linear codes, a new distance in the vector space over a finite field is defined as the logarithm of the "surface area" of a Hamming ball with radius being the corresponding Hamming distance. It is named…
A simple braid is a positive braid that can be drawn so that any two strands cross at most once. We prove that as $n \to \infty$, the proportion of simple braids on $n$ strands that have positive topological entropy tends toward $100\%$.…
An embedding of a graph into $\mathbb{R}^3$ is said to be linear, if any edge of the graph is sent to be a line segment. And we say that an embedding $f$ of a graph $G$ into $\mathbb{R}^3$ is free, if $\pi_1(\mathbb{R}^3-f(G))$ is a free…
In this paper we classify, up to rigid isotopy, non-singular real rational curves of degrees less than or equal to 6 in a quadric homeomorphic to the 3-sphere. We also study their connections with rigid isotopy classes of real rational…
New classes of distance-constrained structures are introduced, namely string-node nets and meshes, a mesh being a string-node net for which the nodes are dense in the strings. Various construction schemes are given including the minimal…
A string figure is topologically a trivial knot lying on an imaginary plane orthogonal to the fingers with some crossings. The fingers prevent cancellation of these crossings. As a mathematical model of string figure we consider a knot…
A knot type is exchange reducible if an arbitrary closed n-braid representative can be changed to a closed braid of minimum braid index by a finite sequence of braid isotopies, exchange moves and +/- destabilizations. In the manuscript [J…
A powerful way to study groups is via their actions on suitable spaces. Classifying spaces for families of subgroups are a type of these spaces, obtained by imposing some strict conditions on the fixed-point sets. We show how in the…
A knot is called minimal if its knot group admits epimorphisms onto the knot groups of only the trivial knot and itself. In this paper, we determine which two-bridge knot $\mathfrak{b}(p,q)$ is minimal where $q \leq 6$ or $p \leq 100$.
The notion of a braided chord diagram is introduced and studied. An equivalence relation is given which identifies all braidings of a fixed chord diagram. It is shown that finite-type invariants are stratified by braid index for knots which…