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It is well known that the single particle Dirac equation is gauge invariant. This means that observable quantities, such as the current density, are not affected by a gauge transformation. However what happens when the method of second…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-02 Dan Solomon

I draw attention to statistical, probabilistic, computer science aspects of the highly related topics of the Bell game and of a possible future Quantum Internet.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-30 Richard D. Gill

Effect of replacing the classical game object with a quantum object is analyzed. We find this replacement requires a throughout reformation of the framework of Game Theory. If we use density matrix to represent strategy state of players,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jinshan Wu

Game theory has been one of the most successful quantitative concepts to describe social interactions, their strategical aspects, and outcomes. Among the payoff matrix quantifying the result of a social interaction, the interaction…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-11-22 Wenjian Yu , Dirk Helbing

A possible way toward the quantization of a weak gravitational field inspired by the imaginary-time field theory is discussed. The analogies of the general relativity in the canonical formulation with the thermodynamic geometry and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-07-15 Yi-Cheng Huang

We propose a simple geometric interpretation for gauge/gravity duality that relates the large-$N$ limit of gauge theory to the second quantization of string theory.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-04-05 Masanori Hanada

A close look at double-quantified statements in a playful setting.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2024-04-18 Bela Bajnok , Peter E. Francis

Dynamic games arise when multiple agents with differing objectives choose control inputs to a dynamic system. Dynamic games model a wide variety of applications in economics, defense, and energy systems. However, compared to single-agent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-25 Bolei Di , Andrew Lamperski

Iterated bipartite quantum games are implemented in terms of the discrete-time quantum walk on the line. Our proposal allows for conditional strategies, as two rational agents make a choice from a restricted set of two-qubit unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-07-31 G. Abal , R. Donangelo , H. Fort

A framework for discussing relationships between different types of games is proposed. Within the framework, quantum simultaneous games, finite quantum simultaneous games, quantum sequential games, and finite quantum sequential games are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-11-06 Naoki Kobayashi

A large body of research is currently investigating on the connection between machine learning and game theory. In this work, game theory notions are injected into a preference learning framework. Specifically, a preference learning problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-20 Mirko Polato , Fabio Aiolli

A game in which one player makes unitary transformations of a simple system, and another seeks to confound the resulting state by a randomly chosen action is analyzed carefully. It is shown that the second player can reduce any system to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Paul B. Kantor

This paper consider the possibility of using some quantum tools in decision making strategies. In particular, we consider here a dynamical open quantum system helping two players, $\G_1$ and $\G_2$, to take their decisions in a specific…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-24 Fabio Bagarello

In this study, we define interaction components of different orders between two input variables based on game theory. We further prove that interaction components of different orders satisfy several desirable properties.

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Hao Zhang , Xu Cheng , Yiting Chen , Quanshi Zhang

This paper contains a reformulation of any $n$-player finite, static game into a framework of distributed, dynamical system based on agents' payoff-based deviations. The reformulation generalizes the method employed in the second part of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-19 Yuke Li , Fengjiao Liu , A. Stephen Morse

A system of two coupled nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations with two opposite directions of time is considered. In fact, this is the so-called "Mean Field Games System" (MFGS), which is derived in the mean field games (MFG)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-05-20 Michael V. Klibanov , Jingzhi Li , Zhipeng Yang

When the $q$-deformed creation and annihilation operators are used in a second quantization procedure, the algebra satisfied by basis vectors (orthogonal complete set) should be also deformed such as a field operator remains invariant under…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-02-01 Kazuhiko Odaka

Quantum games represent the really 21st century branch of game theory, tightly linked to the modern development of quantum computing and quantum technologies. The main accent in these developments so far was made on stationary or repeated…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-03 Vassili Kolokoltsov

We consider a class of games between two competing players that take turns acting on the same many-body quantum register. Each player can perform unitary operations on the register, and after each one of them acts on the register the energy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-19 Rebecca Erbanni , Antonios Varvitsiotis , Dario Poletti

We develop a rigorous mathematical framework for quantum game theory applied to static 2x2 games, extending classical concepts to the quantum setting where players may employ arbitrary unitary operations (pure strategies) or probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Gloria Ferraris , Veronica Umanità
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