Related papers: A knotted minimal tree

The primary objects of study in the ``knot theory of complex plane curves'' are C-links: links (or knots) cut out of a 3-sphere in the complex plane by complex plane transverse and totally tangential. Transverse C-links are naturally…

A rope is a non-singular embedding of a closed interval into R^3, which sends the ends of the interval to some fixed points A and B such that |AB|=1. A rope is short if its length is less than 3. The main result of the paper is that the…

We develop a word mechanism applied in knot and link diagrams for the illustration of a diagrammatic property. We also give a necessary condition for determining incompressible and pairwise incompressible surfaces, that are embedded in knot…

Knotted ribbons form an important topic in knot theory. They have applications in natural sciences, such as cyclic duplex DNA modeling. A flat knotted ribbon can be obtained by gently pulling a knotted ribbon tight so that it becomes flat…

We consider the problem of embedding the Steiner points of a Steiner tree with given topology into the rectilinear plane. Thereby, the length of the path between a distinguished terminal and each other terminal must not exceed given length…

We construct a countable collection of one-parameter families of non-rotational minimal annuli with free boundary in geodesic balls of hyperbolic 3-space. Every surface within a given family shares a common prismatic symmetry group, and…

We prove that every plane passing through the origin divides an embedded compact free boundary minimal surface of the euclidean $3$-ball in exactly two connected surfaces. We also show that if a region in the ball has mean convex boundary…

We prove a fix point theorem for monoids of self-embeddings of trees. As a corollary, we obtain a result by Laflamme, Pouzet and Sauer that a tree either contains a subdivided binary tree as a subtree or has a vertex, and edge, an end or…

Finite-order invariants of knots in arbitrary 3-manifolds (including non-orientable ones) are constructed and studied by methods of the topology of discriminant sets. Obstructions to the integrability of admissible weight systems to…

Let $P \subseteq \mathbb{R}^2$ be a set of points and $T$ be a spanning tree of $P$. The \emph{stabbing number} of $T$ is the maximum number of intersections any line in the plane determines with the edges of $T$. The \emph{tree stabbing…

In "Width complexes for knots and 3-manifolds," Jennifer Schultens defines the width complex for a knot in order to understand the different positions a knot can occupy in the 3-sphere and the isotopies between these positions. She poses…

A graph $H^{\prime}$ is $(H, G)$-saturated if it is $G$-free and the addition of any edge of $H$ not in $H^{\prime}$ creates a copy of $G$. The saturation number $sat(H, G)$ is the minimum number of edges in a $(H, G)$-saturated graph. We…

We investigate the computational complexity of some problems in three-dimensional topology and geometry. We show that the problem of determining a bound on the genus of a knot in a 3-manifold, is NP-complete. Using similar ideas, we show…

The trunk of a knot in $S^3$, defined by Makoto Ozawa, is a measure of geometric complexity similar to the bridge number or width of a knot. We prove that for any two knots $K_1$ and $K_2$, we have $tr(K_1 \# K_2) =…

We list more than 200 new examples of minor minimal intrinsically knotted graphs and describe many more that are intrinsically knotted and likely minor minimal.

The aim of this chapter is to provide an adequate graph theoretic framework for the description of periodic bifurcations which have recently been discovered in descendant trees of finite p-groups. The graph theoretic concepts of rooted…

Let $P$ be a set of $n$ points in the plane in general position. We show that at least $\lfloor n/3\rfloor$ plane spanning trees can be packed into the complete geometric graph on $P$. This improves the previous best known lower bound…

This paper is the second in a series where we attempt to give a complete description of the space of all embedded minimal surfaces of fixed genus in a fixed (but arbitrary) closed 3-manifold. The key for understanding such surfaces is to…

We develop obstructions to a knot K in the 3-sphere bounding a smooth punctured Klein bottle in the 4-ball. The simplest of these is based on the linking form of the 2-fold branched cover of the 3-sphere branched over K. Stronger…

We give a counterexample to a conjecture of Poon [Poo06] that any orthogonal tree in two dimensions can always be flattened by a continuous motion that preserves edge lengths and avoids self-intersection. We show our example is locked by…