Related papers: Critical points in an algebra of elementary embedd…

Let $j:V_\lambda---> V_\lambda$ be an elementary embedding, with critical point $\kappa$, and let $f(n)$ be the number of critical points of embeddings in the algebra generated by $j$ which lie between $j^n(\kappa)$ and $j^{n+1}(\kappa)$.…

In this paper, we continue the study of a left-distributive algebra of elementary embeddings from the collection of sets of rank less than lambda to itself, as well as related finite left-distributive algebras (which can be defined without…

Let $j$ be an elementary embedding of $V_{\lambda}$ into $V_{\lambda}$ that is not the identity, and let $\kappa$ be the critical point of $j$. Let $\Cal A$ be the closure of $\{j\}$ under the operation $a (b)$ of application, and let…

The critical point between varieties A and B of algebras is defined as the least cardinality of the semilattice of compact congruences of a member of A but of no member of B, if it exists. The study of critical points gives rise to a whole…

For each natural number $n$, let $C^{(n)}$ be the closed and unbounded proper class of ordinals $\alpha$ such that $V_\alpha$ is a $\Sigma_n$ elementary substructure of $V$. We say that $\kappa$ is a \emph{$C^{(n)}$-cardinal} if it is the…

In this paper, we apply our minimax theory ([4], [5], [6]) with the one developed by A. Moameni in [2] to formalize a general scheme giving the multiplicity of critical points. Here is a sample of application of the scheme to a critical…

Hayut and first author isolated the notion of a critical cardinal in [1]. In this work we answer several questions raised in the original paper. We show that it is consistent for a critical cardinals to not have any ultrapower elementary…

We study the set of critical points of a solution to $\Delta u = \lambda \cdot u$ and in particular components of the critical set that have codimension 1. We show, for example, that if a second Neumann eigenfunction of a simply connected…

We shall generalize the notion of a Laver table to algebras which may have many generators, several fundamental operations, fundamental operations of arity higher than 2, and to algebras where only some of the operations are…

We introduce the notion of a `pure` Abstract Elementary Class to block trivial counterexamples. We study classes of models of bipartite graphs and show: Main Theorem (cf. Theorem 3.5.2 and Corollary 3.5.6): If $(\lambda_i : i \le…

The set-theoretic large cardinal axiom known as I3 posits the existence of a non-trivial rank-to-rank embedding from an initial segment of the universe of sets into itself. Laver showed that the algebra generated by a single such embedding…

Assuming a large cardinal hypothesis, Laver gave a representation of the monogenerated free left distributive algebra (LDA) using elementary embeddings and used this representation to prove many algebraic results. Some of these results were…

The multiplier $\lambda_n$ of a periodic orbit of period $n$ can be viewed as a (multiple-valued) algebraic function on the space of all complex quadratic polynomials $p_c(z)=z^2+c$. We provide a numerical algorithm for computing critical…

We consider the population of critical points, generated from the critical point of the master function with no variables, which is associated with the trivial representation of the twisted affine Lie algebra $C_n^{(1)}$. The population is…

We consider critical points of master functions associated with integral dominant weights of Kac-Moody algebras and introduce a generating procedure constructing new critical points starting from a given one. The set of all critical points…

We investigate the structure of rank-to-rank elementary embeddings, working in ZF set theory without the Axiom of Choice. Recall that the levels $V_\alpha$ of the cumulative hierarchy are defined via iterated application of the power set…

We consider the problem of computing critical points of the restriction of a polynomial map to an algebraic variety. This is of first importance since the global minimum of such a map is reached at a critical point. Thus, these points…

Let $\mathbf{f} = \left(f_1, \dots, f_p\right) $ be a polynomial tuple in $\mathbb{Q}[z_1, \dots, z_n]$ and let $d = \max_{1 \leq i \leq p} \deg f_i$. We consider the problem of computing the set of asymptotic critical values of the…

We consider the population of critical points generated from the critical point of the master function with no variables, which is associated with the trivial representation of the twisted affine Lie algebra $A^{(2)}_{2n}$. The population…

This paper investigates the sample dependence of critical points for neural networks. We introduce a sample-independent critical lifting operator that associates a parameter of one network with a set of parameters of another, thus defining…