Related papers: Improving power in genome-wide association studies…

Several studies have shown that combining machine learning models in an appropriate way will introduce improvements in the individual predictions made by the base models. The key to make well-performing ensemble model is in the diversity of…

A learned generative model often produces biased statistics relative to the underlying data distribution. A standard technique to correct this bias is importance sampling, where samples from the model are weighted by the likelihood ratio…

Testing the association between a phenotype and many genetic variants from case-control data is essential in genome-wide association study (GWAS). This is a challenging task as many such variants are correlated or non-informative.…

Group testing can help maintain a widespread testing program using fewer resources amid a pandemic. In a group testing setup, we are given n samples, one per individual. Each individual is either infected or uninfected. These samples are…

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies is increasingly popular and many meta-analytic methods have been recently proposed. A majority of meta-analytic methods combine information from multiple studies by assuming that studies are…

There is a growing interest in the implementation of platform trials, which provide the flexibility to incorporate new treatment arms during the trial and the ability to halt treatments early based on lack of benefit or observed…

Many complex networks display a mesoscopic structure with groups of nodes sharing many links with the other nodes in their group and comparatively few with nodes of different groups. This feature is known as community structure and encodes…

Conducting genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in copy number variation (CNV) level is a field where few people involves and little statistical progresses have been achieved, traditional methods suffer from many problems such as batch…

A common goal in comparative effectiveness research is to estimate treatment effects on pre-specified subpopulations of patients. Though widely used in medical research, causal inference methods for such subgroup analysis remain…

We introduce a new test for conditional independence which is based on what we call the weighted generalised covariance measure (WGCM). It is an extension of the recently introduced generalised covariance measure (GCM). To test the null…

Platform trials offer a framework to study multiple interventions in a single trial with the opportunity of opening and closing arms. The use of a common control in platform trials can increase efficiency as compared to individual control…

In genome-wide association studies (GWAS), hundreds of thousands of genetic markers (SNPs) are tested for association with a trait or phenotype. Reported effects tend to be larger in magnitude than the true effects of these markers, the…

Sample weighting is widely used in deep learning. A large number of weighting methods essentially utilize the learning difficulty of training samples to calculate their weights. In this study, this scheme is called difficulty-based…

Meta-analysis of multiple genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is effective for detecting single or multi marker associations with complex traits. We develop a flexible procedure ("STAMP") based on mixture models to perform region based…

Multi-output regression seeks to borrow strength and leverage commonalities across different but related outputs in order to enhance learning and prediction accuracy. A fundamental assumption is that the output/group membership labels for…

We consider the problem of identifying infected individuals in a population of size N. We introduce a group testing approach that uses significantly fewer than N tests when infection prevalence is low. The most common approach to group…

Mediation analyses are a statistical tool for testing the hypothesis about how the relationship between two variables may be direct or indirect via a third variable. Assessing statistical significance has been an area of active research;…

Test-time augmentation -- the aggregation of predictions across transformed versions of a test input -- is a common practice in image classification. Traditionally, predictions are combined using a simple average. In this paper, we present…

Generalizing causal estimates in randomized experiments to a broader target population is essential for guiding decisions by policymakers and practitioners in the social and biomedical sciences. While recent papers developed various…

Methods for extending -- generalizing or transporting -- inferences from a randomized trial to a target population involve conditioning on a large set of covariates that is sufficient for rendering the randomized and non-randomized groups…