Related papers: Improving power in genome-wide association studies…

Models with many signals, high-dimensional models, often impose structures on the signal strengths. The common assumption is that only a few signals are strong and most of the signals are zero or close (collectively) to zero. However, such…

Methods for extending -- generalizing or transporting -- inferences from a randomized trial to a target population involve conditioning on a large set of covariates that is sufficient for rendering the randomized and non-randomized groups…

In a case-control study aimed at localizing disease variants, association between a marker and the disease status is often tested by comparing the marker allele frequencies among cases and controls. These marker allele frequencies are…

Voting systems typically treat all voters equally. We argue that perhaps they should not: Voters who have supported good choices in the past should be given higher weight than voters who have supported bad ones. To develop a formal…

We consider the problem of testing positively dependent multiple hypotheses assuming that a prior information about the dependence structure is available. We propose two-step multiple comparisons procedures that exploit the prior…

The analysis of large-scale datasets, especially in biomedical contexts, frequently involves a principled screening of multiple hypotheses. The celebrated two-group model jointly models the distribution of the test statistics with mixtures…

The identification of predefined groups of genes ("gene-sets") which are differentially expressed between two conditions ("gene-set analysis", or GSA) is a very popular analysis in bioinformatics. GSA incorporates biological knowledge by…

In this paper we investigate the question of how much combined measurements can increase the accuracy of additive quantities. Therefore, we consider a set of measurements from a selection of all possible combinations of the $n$ labeled…

In oncology the efficacy of novel therapeutics often differs across patient subgroups, and these variations are difficult to predict during the initial phases of the drug development process. The relation between the power of randomized…

Genetic data are frequently categorical and have complex dependence structures that are not always well understood. For this reason, clustering and classification based on genetic data, while highly relevant, are challenging statistical…

When observations are independent, formulae and software are readily available to plan and design studies of appropriate size and power to detect important associations. When observations are correlated or clustered, results obtained from…

While meta-analyzing retrospective cancer patient cohorts, an investigation of differences in the expressions of target oncogenes across cancer subtypes is of substantial interest because the results may uncover novel tumorigenesis…

Hybrid studies allow investigators to simultaneously study an intervention effectiveness outcome and an implementation research outcome. In particular, type 2 hybrid studies support research that places equal importance on both outcomes…

In a case-control study aimed at locating autosomal disease variants for a disease of interest, association between markers and the disease status is often tested by comparing the marker minor allele frequencies (MAFs) between cases and…

Because of the high cost of commercial genotyping chip technologies, many investigations have used a two-stage design for genome-wide association studies, using part of the sample for an initial discovery of ``promising'' SNPs at a less…

A prespecified set of genes may be enriched, to varying degrees, for genes that have altered expression levels relative to two or more states of a cell. Knowing the enrichment of gene sets defined by functional categories, such as gene…

Loss of power and clear description of treatment differences are key issues in designing and analyzing a clinical trial where non-proportional hazard is a possibility. A log-rank test may be very inefficient and interpretation of the hazard…

Many scientific questions in biomedical, environmental, and psychological research involve understanding the effects of multiple factors on outcomes. While factorial experiments are ideal for this purpose, randomized controlled treatment…

A common approach to aggregate classification estimates in an ensemble of decision trees is to either use voting or to average the probabilities for each class. The latter takes uncertainty into account, but not the reliability of the…

Thousands of experiments are analyzed and papers are published each year involving the statistical analysis of grouped data. While this area of statistics is often perceived -- somewhat naively -- as saturated, several misconceptions still…