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We present novel results related to isomorphic resonance graphs of 2-connected outerplane bipartite graphs. As the main result, we provide a structure characterization for 2-connected outerplane bipartite graphs with isomorphic resonance…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-07 Simon Brezovnik , Zhongyuan Che , Niko Tratnik , Petra Žigert Pleteršek

The $g$-component edge connectivity $c\lambda_g(G)$ of a non-complete graph $G$ is the minimum number of edges whose deletion results in a graph with at least $g$ components. In this paper, we determine the component edge connectivity of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-06 Shuli Zhao , Weihua Yang

The intersection problem for additive (extended and non-extended) perfect codes, i.e. which are the possibilities for the number of codewords in the intersection of two additive codes C1 and C2 of the same length, is investigated. Lower and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-04-26 J. Rifà , F. Solov'eva , M. Villanueva

For a given knot, we study the minimal number of positive eigenvalues of the double branched cover over spanning surfaces for the knot. The value gives a lower bound for various genera, the dealternating number and the alternation number of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-10-07 Kouki Sato

We study the algorithmic aspect of edge bundling. A bundled crossing in a drawing of a graph is a group of crossings between two sets of parallel edges. The bundled crossing number is the minimum number of bundled crossings that group all…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-09-02 Md. Jawaherul Alam , Martin Fink , Sergey Pupyrev

The intersection index at a common point of two analytic varieties of complementary dimensions in $\Bbb C^n$ is positive. This observation, which has been called a ``cornerstone'' of algebraic geometry ([GH, p.~62]), is a simple consequence…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2007-05-23 H. Alexander , John Wermer

We prove that the tunnel number of a satellite chain link with a number of components higher than or equal to twice the bridge number of the companion is as small as possible among links with the same number of components. We prove this…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-04-21 Darlan Girão , João M. Nogueira , António Salgueiro

We consider knotted annuli in 4-space, called 2-string-links, which are knotted surfaces in codimension two that are naturally related, via closure operations, to both 2-links and 2-torus links. We classify 2-string-links up to…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-12-05 Benjamin Audoux , Jean-Baptiste Meilhan , Emmanuel Wagner

Charts are oriented labeled graphs in a disk. Any simple surface braid (2-dimensional braid) can be described by using a chart. Also, a chart represents an oriented closed surface (called a surface-link) embedded in 4-space. In this paper,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-07-03 Teruo Nagase , Akiko Shima

The 2-bridge knots are a family of knots with bridge number 2. In this paper, we compute the Kauffman polynomials of 2-bridge knots using the Kauffman skein theory and linear algebra techniques. Our calculation can be easily carried out…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Bin Lu , Jianyuan K. Zhong

We describe the genus two knots which admit a genus one, one bridge position. These are divided into several families, one consists of vertical bandings of two genus one $(1,1)$-knots, other consists of vertical bandings of two cross cap…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2016-03-29 Mario Eudave-Muñoz , Fabiola Manjarrez-Gutierrez , Enrique Ramirez-Losada

For a set of non-negative integers $L$, the $L$-intersection number of a graph is the smallest number $l$ for which there is an assignment on the vertices to subsets $A_v \subseteq \{1,\dots, l\}$, such that every two vertices $u,v$ are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-08-22 Zeinab Maleki , Behnaz Omoomi

In this paper we study some algebraic properties of hypergraphs, in particula their Betti numbers. We define some different types of complete hypergraphs, which to the best of our knowledge, are not previously considered in the literature.…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2008-02-06 Eric Emtander

A typical complex system should be described by a supernetwork or a network of networks, in which the networks are coupled to some other networks. As the first step to understanding the complex systems on such more systematic level,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-20 Xiu-Lian Xu , Yan-Qin Qu , Shan Guan , Yu-Mei Jiang , Da-Ren He

The Betti numbers are fundamental topological quantities that describe the k-dimensional connectivity of an object: B_0 is the number of connected components and B_k effectively counts the number of k-dimensional holes. Although they are…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Vanessa Robins

It is known that the numerical invariants Betti numbers and Bass numbers are worthwhile tools for decoding a large amount of information about modules over commutative rings. We highlight this fact, further, by establishing some criteria…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2022-02-11 Kosar Abolfath Beigi , Kamran Divaani-Aazar , Massoud Tousi

The transient number of a knot K, denoted tr(K), is the minimal number of simple arcs that have to be attached to K, in order that K can be homotoped to a trivial knot in a regular neighborhood of the union of K and the arcs. We give a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-11-27 Mario Eudave-Muñoz , Joan Carlos Segura Aguilar

A knot theory for two-dimensional square lattice is proposed, which sheds light on design of new two-dimensional material with high topological numbers. We consider a two-band model, focusing on the Hall conductance {\sigma}xy = e^2/hbar*P,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-06-24 Xin Liu , Zhiwen Chang , Weichang Hao

We introduce twelve polynomial invariants for long virtual knots, called intersection polynomials, extending and refining the three intersection polynomials for virtual knots. They are defined via intersection numbers of cycles on a closed…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Takuji Nakamura , Yasutaka Nakanishi , Shin Satoh , Kodai Wada

We calculate the Kauffman bracket skein module (KBSM) of the complement of all two-bridge links. For a two-bridge link, we show that the KBSM of its complement is free over the ring $\BC[t^{\pm 1}]$ and when reducing $t=-1$, it is…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-09-27 Thang T. Q. Le , Anh T. Tran