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The concept of closed trapped surface is of paramount importance in General Relativity and other gravitational theories. However, it is a purely geometrical object. With the aim of bringing this concept to closer attention by the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 José M M Senovilla

In the present paper we establish area and volume estimates for spacetimes satisfying the strong energy condition in terms of the area and the $L^n$-norm of the second fundamental form or the mean curvature of an initial Cauchy…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-11-16 Melanie Graf , Christina Sormani

We consider globally hyperbolic spacetimes with compact Cauchy surfaces in a setting compatible with the presence of a positive cosmological constant. More specifically, for 3+1 dimensional spacetimes which satisfy the null energy condition…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-03-13 Gregory J. Galloway , Eric Ling

Following Geroch, Traschen, Mars and Senovilla, we consider Lorentzian manifolds with distributional curvature tensor. Such manifolds represent spacetimes of general relativity that possibly contain gravitational waves, shock waves, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Philippe G. LeFloch , Cristinel Mardare

In this contribution, we study spacetimes of cosmological interest, without making any symmetry assumptions. We prove a rigid Hawking singularity theorem for positive cosmological constant, which sharpens known results. In particular, it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-16 Gregory J. Galloway , Leonardo García-Heveling

Vickers and Wilson (see Ref. 25) have shown global hyperbolicity of the conical spacetime in the sense of well-posedness of the initial value problem for the wave equation in generalized functions. We add the aspect of metric splitting and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-04-22 Guenther Hörmann

It is shown that a spacetime with collisionless matter evolving from data on a compact Cauchy surface with hyperbolic symmetry can be globally covered by compact hypersurfaces on which the mean curvature is constant and by compact…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Hakan Andreasson , Gerhard Rein , Alan D. Rendall

In this conference published in 1997 some problems on the geodesics of a Lorentzian manifold concerning causality and infinite-dimensional variational methods, are pointed out. Even though a big progress on many of these questions have been…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Miguel Sanchez

We consider general relativity with cosmological constant minimally coupled to electromagnetic field and assume that four-dimensional space-time manifold is the warped product of two surfaces with Lorentzian and Euclidean signature metrics.…

General Physics · Physics 2019-07-31 D. E. Afanasev , M. O. Katanaev

This paper deals with two aspects of relativistic cosmologies with closed (compact and boundless) spatial sections. These spacetimes are based on the theory of General Relativity, and admit a foliation into space sections S(t), which are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-13 Helio V. Fagundes

An attempt is made of giving a self-contained introduction to holomorphic ideas in general relativity, following work over the last thirty years by several authors. The main topics are complex manifolds, spinor and twistor methods, heaven…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Giampiero Esposito

For spacelike stationary (i.e. zero mean curvature) surfaces in 4-dimensional Lorentz space one can naturally introduce two Gauss maps and Weierstrass representation. In this paper we investigate their global geometry systematically. The…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-02-17 Zhiyu Liu , Xiang Ma , Changping Wang , Peng Wang

We analyze existence and properties of solutions of two-dimensional general relativistic initial data sets with a negative cosmological constant, both on spacelike and characteristic surfaces. A new family of such vacuum, spacelike data…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-07 Piotr T. Chruściel , Wan Cong , Théophile Quéau , Raphaela Wutte

We give a construction that connects the Cauchy problem for Liouville elliptic equation with a certain initial value problem for mean curvature one surfaces in hyperbolic 3-space H3, and solve both of them. We construct the only mean…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jose A. Galvez , Pablo Mira

This paper addresses strong cosmic censorship for spacetimes with self-gravitating collisionless matter, evolving from surface-symmetric compact initial data. The global dynamics exhibit qualitatively different features according to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-30 Mihalis Dafermos , Alan D. Rendall

This article suggests the definition of "Lorentzian space" weakening the notion of Lorentzian length spaces just as much that it allows for a functor from the category of strongly causal Lorentzian manifolds to the corresponding category of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Olaf Müller

We propose a new notion of singularity in General Relativity which complements the usual notions of geodesic incompleteness and curvature singularities. Concretely, we say that a spacetime has a volume singularity if there exist points…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-30 Leonardo García-Heveling

The physical consistency of the match of piecewise-$C^0$ metrics is discussed. The mathematical theory of gravitational discontinuity hypersurfaces is generalized to cover the match of regularly discontinuous metrics. The mean-value…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Gianluca Gemelli

Let $G$ be a compact connected subgroup of $SO(n+1)$. In $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$, we gain interior $G$-symmetry for minimal hypersurfaces and hypersurfaces of constant mean curvature (CMC) which have $G$-invariant boundaries and $G$-invariant…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-12-27 Hui Ma , Chao Qian , Jing Wu , Yongsheng Zhang

Transforming Penrose's intuitive picture of a strong cosmic censorship principle, that generically forbids the appearance of locally naked space-time singularities, into a formal mathematical proof, remains at present, one of the most…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Wenceslao Santiago-Germán