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We derive some results on contrarian and one-sided strategies by Skeptic for the fair-coin game in the framework of the game-theoretic probability of Shafer and Vovk \cite{sv}. In particular, concerning the rate of convergence of the strong…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-12-10 Yasunori Horikoshi , Akimichi Takemura

We propose a sequential optimizing betting strategy in the multi-dimensional bounded forecasting game in the framework of game-theoretic probability of Shafer and Vovk (2001). By studying the asymptotic behavior of its capital process, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-02-16 Masayuki Kumon , Akimichi Takemura , Kei Takeuchi

We study multistep Bayesian betting strategies in coin-tossing games in the framework of game-theoretic probability of Shafer and Vovk (2001). We show that by a countable mixture of these strategies, a gambler or an investor can exploit…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2010-08-23 Kei Takeuchi , Masayuki Kumon , Akimichi Takemura

We study the behavior of the capital process of a continuous Bayesian mixture of fixed proportion betting strategies in the one-sided unbounded forecasting game in game-theoretic probability. We establish the relation between the rate of…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-05-08 Ryosuke Sato , Kenshi Miyabe , Akimichi Takemura

We consider games of chance played by someone with external capital that cannot be applied to the game and determine how this affects risk-adjusted optimal betting. Specifically, we focus on Kelly optimization as a metric, optimizing the…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-12-29 Stanislav Shalunov , Alexei Kitaev , Yakov Shalunov , Arseniy Akopyan

We consider the game-theoretic scenario of testing the performance of Forecaster by Sceptic who gambles against the forecasts. Sceptic's current capital is interpreted as the amount of evidence he has found against Forecaster. Reporting the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-11-23 A. Philip Dawid , Steven de Rooij , Glenn Shafer , Alexander Shen , Nikolai Vereshchagin , Vladimir Vovk

We introduce a new formulation of asset trading games in continuous time in the framework of the game-theoretic probability established by Shafer and Vovk (Probability and Finance: It's Only a Game! (2001) Wiley). In our formulation, the…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2010-01-13 Kei Takeuchi , Masayuki Kumon , Akimichi Takemura

In the framework of the game-theoretic probability of Shafer and Vovk (2001) it is of basic importance to construct an explicit strategy weakly forcing the strong law of large numbers (SLLN) in the bounded forecasting game. We present a…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-01-27 Masayuki Kumon , Akimichi Takemura

We consider strong law of large numbers (SLLN) in the framework of game-theoretic probability of Shafer and Vovk (2001). We prove several versions of SLLN for the case that Reality's moves are unbounded. Our game-theoretic versions of SLLN…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-08-27 Masayuki Kumon , Akimichi Takemura , Kei Takeuchi

We describe and develop a close relationship between two problems that have customarily been regarded as distinct: that of maximizing entropy, and that of minimizing worst-case expected loss. Using a formulation grounded in the equilibrium…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Peter D. Grunwald , A. Philip Dawid

This paper examines the impact of cognitive biases on financial decision-making through a static Bayesian game framework. While traditional economic theory assumes fully rational investors, real-world choices are often shaped by loss…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-05-27 Samiha Tariq

We study the group strategic behaviors in Bayesian games. Equilibria in previous work do not consider group strategic behaviors with bounded sizes and are too ``strong'' to exist in many scenarios. We propose the ex-ante Bayesian $k$-strong…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Qishen Han , Grant Schoenebeck , Biaoshuai Tao , Lirong Xia

Behavioral experiments on the Ultimatum Game have shown that we human beings have remarkable preference in fair play, contradicting the predictions by the game theory. Most of the existing models seeking for explanations, however, strictly…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-12-07 Guozhong Zheng , Jiqiang Zhang , Rizhou Liang , Lin Ma , Li Chen

Empirical evidence shows that human behaviour often deviates from game-theoretical rationality. For instance, humans may hold unrealistic expectations about future outcomes. As the evolutionary roots of such biases remain unclear, we…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Marco Saponara , Elias Fernandez Domingos , Jorge M. Pacheco , Tom Lenaerts

Optimization methods are used to determine equilibria of investment in cryptocurrencies. The basic assumptions involve existence of a core group (the "wealthy") that fears the loss of substantial assets through government seizure.…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-04-16 Carey Caginalp , Gunduz Caginalp

The Bayesian method is noted to produce spuriously high posterior probabilities for phylogenetic trees in analysis of large datasets, but the precise reasons for this over-confidence are unknown. In general, the performance of Bayesian…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-10-15 Ziheng Yang , Tianqi Zhu

Optimizing strategic decisions (a.k.a. computing equilibrium) is key to the success of many non-cooperative multi-agent applications. However, in many real-world situations, we may face the exact opposite of this game-theoretic problem --…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Jibang Wu , Weiran Shen , Fei Fang , Haifeng Xu

Research in reinforcement learning has produced algorithms for optimal decision making under uncertainty that fall within two main types. The first employs a Bayesian framework, where optimality improves with increased computational time.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-09-22 Christos Dimitrakakis

Every interaction of a living organism with its environment involves the placement of a bet. Armed with partial knowledge about a stochastic world, the organism must decide its next step or near-term strategy, an act that implicitly or…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-05-30 Philipp Fleig , Vijay Balasubramanian

We derive formulas for the performance of capital assets in continuous time from an efficient market hypothesis, with no stochastic assumptions and no assumptions about the beliefs or preferences of investors. Our efficient market…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2018-02-06 Vladimir Vovk , Glenn Shafer
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