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Historically, the polylogarithm has attracted specialists and non-specialists alike with its lovely evaluations. Much the same can be said for Euler sums (or multiple harmonic sums), which, within the past decade, have arisen in…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Jonathan M. Borwein , David M. Bradley , David J. Broadhurst , Petr Lisonek

In this paper, we establish some expressions of series involving harmonic numbers and Stirling numbers of the first kind in terms of multiple zeta values, and present some new relationships between multiple zeta values and multiple zeta…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-04-11 Ce Xu

This paper presents the evaluation of the Euler sums of generalized hyperharmonic numbers $H_{n}^{\left( p,q\right) }$ \[ \zeta_{H^{\left( p,q\right) }}\left( r\right) =\sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty }\dfrac{H_{n}^{\left( p,q\right) }}{n^{r}}%…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-18 Mümün Can , Levent Kargın , Ayhan Dil , Gültekin Soylu

In recent years, there has been intensive research on the ${\mathbb Q}$-linear relations between multiple zeta (star) values. In this paper, we prove many families of identities involving the $q$-analog of these values, from which we can…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-26 Khodabakhsh Hessami Pilehrood , Tatiana Hessami Pilehrood , Jianqiang Zhao

In this paper, we work out some explicit formulae for double nonlinear Euler sums involving harmonic numbers and alternating harmonic numbers. As applications of these formulae, we give new closed form representations of several quadratic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-02 Ce Xu , Yingyue Yang , Jianwen Zhang

Multiple zeta values (MZVs, also called Euler sums or multiple harmonic series) are nested generalizations of the classical Riemann zeta function evaluated at integer values. The fact that an integral representation of MZVs obeys a shuffle…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-20 J. M. Borwein , D. M. Bradley , D. J. Broadhurst , P. Lisonek

Flajolet and Salvy pointed out that every Euler sum is a $\mathbb{Q}$-linear combination of multiple zeta values. However, in the literature, there is no formula completely revealing this relation. In this paper, using permutations and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-08 Ce Xu , Weiping Wang

In correspondence with Goldbach, Euler began investigating series of the form $\sum_{k \geq 1} k^{-m}\left(1 + 2^{-n} + \cdots + k^{-n}\right)$, which are known today as Euler sums. For the case where $n=1$ and $m \geq 2$, Euler was able to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Wilson J. Chen , Vincent Nguyen

The harmonic numbers are the sequence 1, 1+1/2, 1+1/2+1/3, ... Their asymptotic difference from the sequence of the natural logarithm of the positive integers is Euler's constant gamma. We define a family of natural generalizations of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-12 J Marshall Ash , Michael Ash , Rafael Ash , Ángel Plaza

In this paper we introduce and study double tails of multiple zeta values. We show, in particular, that they satisfy certain recurrence relations and deduce from this a generalization of Euler's classical formula…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-27 P. Akhilesh

In this paper, we obtain some formulae for harmonic sums, alternating harmonic sums and Stirling number sums by using the method of integral representations of series. As applications of these formulae, we give explicit formula of several…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-03 Ce Xu

This paper develops an approach to the evaluation of quadratic Euler sums that involve harmonic numbers. The approach is based on simple integral computations of polyloga- rithms. By using the approach, we establish some relations between…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-03-28 Xin Si , Ce Xu

We give a new expression of the multiple harmonic sum, which serves as a refinement of the iterated integral expression of the multiple zeta value, and prove it using the so-called connected sum method. Based on this fact, by taking two…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-01 Takumi Maesaka , Shin-ichiro Seki , Taiki Watanabe

In this paper, we investigate the Euler sums $$ G_{n+2}(p,q)=\sum_{1\leq k_1<k_2<\cdots<k_{p+1}}\frac1{k_1k_2\cdots k_pk_{p+1}^{n+2}} \sum_{1\leq\ell_1\leq\ell_2\leq\cdots\leq\ell_q\leq k_{p+1}}\frac1{\ell_1\ell_2\cdots\ell_q}. $$ We give…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-10-30 Kwang-Wu Chen , Minking Eie

Recently, Dil and Boyadzhiev \cite{AD2015} proved an explicit formula for the sum of multiple harmonic numbers whose indices are the sequence $\left( {{{\left\{ 0 \right\}}_r},1} \right)$. In this paper we show that the sums of multiple…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-24 Ce Xu

Using Euler transformation of series we relate values of Hurwitz zeta function at integer and rational values of arguments to certain rapidly converging series where some generalized harmonic numbers appear. The form of these generalized…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-15 Paweł J. Szabłowski

In this paper we present a new family of identities for Euler sums and integrals of polylogarithms by using the methods of generating function and integral representations of series. Then we apply it to obtain the closed forms of all…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-18 Ce Xu

In this paper we shall develop a theory of (extended) double shuffle relations of Euler sums which generalizes that of multiple zeta values (see Ihara, Kaneko and Zagier, \emph{Derivation and double shuffle relations for multiple zeta…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-08-16 Jianqiang Zhao

We present a large number of analytic evaluations of Euler sums, namely sums such as \begin{align} M(m,n_0,n_1,n_2, \ldots, n_t) &= \sum_{k=1}^\infty \frac{H(k)^m}{k^{n_0} (k+1)^{n_1} (k+2)^{n_2} \cdots (k+t)^{n_t}}, \nonumber \end{align}…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-30 Ross C. McPhedran , David H. Bailey

We consider the sums $S(k)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{(-1)^{nk}}{(2n+1)^k}$ and $\zeta(2k)=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n^{2k}}$ with $k$ being a positive integer. We evaluate these sums with multiple integration, a modern technique. First, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-11-16 Vivek Kaushik , Daniele Ritelli