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Sufficient conditions for performing changes of the variable of integration when using the new definitions of improper integrals given in in "An Alternative Definition for Improper Integral with Infinite Limit" (arXiv:0805.3559v1) and "An…

We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the partial transposition of bipartite harmonic quantum states to be nonnegative. The conditions are formulated as an infinite series of inequalities for the moments of the state under…

In a previous paper, the authors proved that in any system of three linear forms satisfying obvious necessary local conditions, there are at least two forms that infinitely often assume $E_2$-values; i.e., values that are products of…

Brezis-Lieb lemma is a refinement of Fatou lemma providing an evaluation of the gap between the integral for a sequence and the integral for its pointwise limit. This note studies the question if such gap can be evaluated when there is no…

We show that every Lie ideal in a unital, properly infinite C*-algebra is commutator equivalent to a unique two-sided ideal. It follows that the Lie ideal structure of such a C*-algebra is concisely encoded by its lattice of two-sided…

We identify the finite list of minimal analytic n-gaps which are not countably separated, and we prove that every analytic n-gap which is not countably separated contains a gap from our finite list.

Given a finite set of roots of unity, we show that all power sums are non-negative integers iff the set forms a group under multiplication. The main argument is purely combinatorial and states that for an arbitrary finite set system the…

A perfect number is a number whose divisors add up to twice the number itself. The existence of odd perfect numbers is a millennia-old unsolved problem. This note proposes a proof of the nonexistence of odd perfect numbers. More generally,…

This article addresses the question of when physical laws and their consequences can be computed. If a physical system is capable of universal computation, then its energy gap can't be computed. At an even more fundamental level, the most…

We study the equivalence/duality between various non-commutative gauge models at the classical and quantum level. The duality is realised by a linear Seiberg-Witten-like map. The infinitesimal form of this map is analysed in more details.

In contrast to the usual quantum systems which have at most a finite number of open spectral gaps if they are periodic in more than one direction, periodic quantum graphs may have gaps arbitrarily high in the spectrum. This property of…

We deal with existence and non-existence of non-negative entire solutions that blow-up at infinity for a quasilinear problem depending on a non-negative real parameter. Our main objectives in this paper are to provide far more general…

We prove two equilibrium properties of a system of interacting atoms in three or higher dimensional continuous space. (i) If the particles interact via pair potentials of a nonnegative Fourier transform, their self-organization into…

The First and Second Representation Theorem for sign-indefinite quadratic forms are extended. We include new cases of unbounded forms associated with operators that do not necessarily have a spectral gap around zero. The kernel of the…

We give examples of atomic integral domains satisfying each of the eight logically possible combinations of existence or non-existence of the following kinds of elements: 1) primes, 2) absolutely irreducible elements that are not prime, and…

We study an information analogue of infinitely divisible probability distributions, where the i.i.d. sum is replaced by the joint distribution of an i.i.d. sequence. A random variable $X$ is called informationally infinitely divisible if,…

The positivity of quantum discord is shown to be equivalent to the strong subadditivity of von-Neumann entropy. This leads us to a necessary and sufficient condition characterizing the set of states with zero quantum discord. This also…

We consider a characteristic problem of the vacuum Einstein equations with part of the initial data given on a future complete null cone with suitable decay, and show that the solution exists uniformly around the null cone for general such…

In this paper, we consider the problem of unambiguous discrimination between a set of mixed quantum states. We first divide the density matrix of each mixed state into two parts by the fact that it comes from ensemble of pure quantum…

For fragments L of first-order logic (FO) with counting quantifiers, we consider the definability problem, which asks whether a given L-formula can be equivalently expressed by a formula in some fragment of L without counting, and the more…