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We study algebraic structures on the free commutative twisted algebra generated by a positive operad $\mathbf q$, in the framework of vector species. Given a nonunital commutative twisted algebra structure $\mu$ on $\mathbf q$, we introduce…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-02 Dominique Manchon , Hedi Regeiba , Imen Rjaiba , Yannic Vargas

We consider the creation conditions of diverse hierarchical trees both analytically and numerically. A connection between the probabilities to create hierarchical levels and the probability to associate these levels into a united structure…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-06-21 A. I. Olemskoi , S. S. Borysov , I. A. Shuda

One of the main applications of free probability is to show that for appropriately chosen independent copies of $d$ random matrix models, any noncommutative polynomial in these $d$ variables has a spectral distribution that converges…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2023-10-25 Benoît Collins , Tobias Mai , Akihiro Miyagawa , Félix Parraud , Sheng Yin

This paper is devoted to explore the freeness of Nichols algebras of diagonal type and to determine the dimension of the kernel of the shuffle map considered as an operator acting on the free algebra. Our proof is based on an inequality for…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2018-06-18 István Heckenberger , Ying Zheng

This paper introduces the braidings of dendriform algebras and tridendriform algebras. By studying free braided dendriform algebras, we obtain braidings of the Hopf algebras of Loday and Ronco of planar binary rooted trees. We also give a…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2021-08-13 Li Guo , Yunnan Li

Some general criteria to produce explicit free algebras inside the division ring of fractions of skew polynomial rings are presented. These criteria are applied to some special cases of division rings with natural involutions, yielding, for…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-05-17 Vitor O. Ferreira , Érica Z. Fornaroli , Jairo Z. Gonçalves

"A generator is a parser of randomness." This perspective on generators for random data structures is well established as folklore in the programming languages community, but it has apparently never been formalized, nor have its…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Harrison Goldstein , Benjamin C. Pierce

Free probability provides a framework for describing correlations between non-commuting observables in complex quantum systems whose Hilbert-space states follow maximum-entropy distributions. We examine the robustness of this framework…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-17 Alexander Altland , Francisco Divi , Tobias Micklitz , Maedeh Rezaei

We classify (up to quasi-isomorphism) the free differential modules whose homology is equal to a given module $M$ by developing a theory for deforming an arbitrary free complex into a differential module. We use an iterative approach to…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-08-07 Maya Banks , Keller VandeBogert

We study three notions of uncertainty quantification -- calibration, confidence intervals and prediction sets -- for binary classification in the distribution-free setting, that is without making any distributional assumptions on the data.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-17 Chirag Gupta , Aleksandr Podkopaev , Aaditya Ramdas

In this paper we study the adjoint functors between the category of Rota-Baxter algebras and the categories of dendriform dialgebras and trialgebras. In analogy to the well-known theory of the adjoint functor between the category of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-10-25 Kurusch Ebrahimi-Fard , Li Guo

General treebank analyses are graph structured, but parsers are typically restricted to tree structures for efficiency and modeling reasons. We propose a new representation and algorithm for a class of graph structures that is flexible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-05 Jonathan K. Kummerfeld , Dan Klein

In this paper, a connection between bi-free probability and the theory of non-commutative stochastic processes is examined. Specifically it is demonstrated that the transition operators for non-commutative stochastic processes can be…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2022-04-26 Paul Skoufranis

In this paper we investigate the class of invariant positive definite kernels on the free semigroup on N generators. We provide a combinatorial description of the positivity of the kernel in terms of Dyck paths and then we find a…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 T. Banks , T. Constantinescu , Nermine El-Sissi

Motivated by the recent work of Batkam-Tcheka on pointed multiplicative operads, we construct in this paper new chain complex algebras and two distinct bicomplex algebra structures on a free symmetric connected multiplicative differential…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-05-29 Calvin Tcheka , Batkam Mbatchou V. Jacky , Guy R. Biyogmam

This study addresses the predictive limitation of probabilistic circuits and introduces transformations as a remedy to overcome it. We demonstrate this limitation in robotic scenarios. We motivate that independent component analysis is a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-09 Tom Schierenbeck , Vladimir Vutov , Thorsten Dickhaus , Michael Beetz

We solve two longstanding major problems in Free Probability. This is achieved by generalising the theory to one with values in arbitrary commutative algebras. We prove the existence of the multi-variable $S$-transform, and show that it is…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-09-25 Roland M. Friedrich , John McKay

We study probability distributions over free algebras of trees. Probability distributions can be seen as particular (formal power) tree series [Berstel et al 82, Esik et al 03], i.e. mappings from trees to a semiring K . A widely studied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2008-07-21 François Denis , Amaury Habrard , Rémi Gilleron , Marc Tommasi , Édouard Gilbert

The theory of positive kernels and associated reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces, especially in the setting of holomorphic functions, has been an important tool for the last several decades in a number of areas of complex analysis and…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2016-02-03 Joseph A. Ball , Gregory Marx , Victor Vinnikov

We propose UDP, the first training-free parser for Universal Dependencies (UD). Our algorithm is based on PageRank and a small set of head attachment rules. It features two-step decoding to guarantee that function words are attached as leaf…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-13 Héctor Martínez Alonso , Željko Agić , Barbara Plank , Anders Søgaard