Related papers: A severe inconsistency of transfinite set theory
We reconstruct finite-dimensional quantum theory with superselection rules, which can describe hybrid quantum-classical systems, from four purely operational postulates: symmetric sharpness, complete mixing, filtering, and local equality.…
A dependent theory is a (first order complete theory) T which does not have the independence property. A main result here is: if we expand a model of T by the traces on it of sets definable in a bigger model then we preserve its being…
In this paper we consider a fragment of the first-order theory of the real numbers that includes systems of equations of continuous functions in bounded domains, and for which all functions are computable in the sense that it is possible to…
We develop new aspects of the the of numerosity theory; more exactly, we emphasize its relation with the ordinal numbers, cardinal numbers, hyperreal numbers and surreal numbers. In particular, we combine the notion of numerosity with the…
Counters that hold natural numbers are ubiquitous in modeling and verifying software systems; for example, they model dynamic creation and use of resources in concurrent programs. Unfortunately, such discrete counters often lead to…
In this paper, we prove the number of countable models of a countable supersimple theory is either 1 or infinite. This result is an extension of Lachlan's theorem on a superstable theory.
Let $B$ be a fixed rational function of one complex variable of degree at least two. In this paper, we study solutions of the functional equation $A\circ X=X\circ B$ in rational functions $A$ and $X$. Our main result states that, unless $B$…
The article introduces the concept of uniformity, which is formulated as a scheme of axioms. The connection of this concept with ordered sets is studied. The effectiveness of using axiom schemes as a convenient and short way of replacing…
This article offers a gentle introduction to the axiom of choice. We introduce the axiom, discuss some common objections to it, and present three kinds of reasons to accept it. Although the exposition is aimed at non-experts in set theory,…
Based on continued fractions with subtractions, we identify the set of real numbers with the set of infinite integer sequences with all terms but the first one greater or equal to two. Each such sequence produces in a canonical way a unique…
Three intersection theorems are proved. First, we determine the size of the largest set system, where the system of the pairwise unions is l-intersecting. Then we investigate set systems where the union of any s sets intersect the union of…
It is known that any rational abstract numeration system is faithfully, and effectively, represented by an N-rational series. A simple proof of this result is given which yields a representation of this series which in turn allows a simple…
When given a class of functions and a finite collection of sets, one might be interested whether the class in question contains any function whose domain is a subset of the union of the sets of the given collection and whose restrictions to…
The structures $\langle M,\subseteq^M\rangle$ arising as the inclusion relation of a countable model of sufficient set theory $\langle M,\in^M\rangle$, whether well-founded or not, are all isomorphic. These structures $\langle…
In this paper, we propose various sufficient conditions to determine if a given real number is an irrational number or a transcendental number and also apply these conditions to some interesting examples, particularly,one of them comes from…
This work is motivated by the problem of finding the limit of the applicability of the first incompleteness theorem ($\sf G1$). A natural question is: can we find a minimal theory for which $\sf G1$ holds? We examine the Turing degree…
This paper examines a denumerable version of the nested-set theorem and derives from it a contradiction involving the formal consistency of the actual infinity assumed by the Axiom of Infinity.
We prove that any finite set of real numbers can be split into two parts, one part being highly non-additive and the other highly non-multiplicative.
To enable the study of open sets in computational approaches to mathematics, lots of extra data and structure on these sets is assumed. For both foundational and mathematical reasons, it is then a natural question, and the subject of this…
An elliptic divisibility sequence, generated by a point in the image of a rational isogeny, is shown to possess a uniformly bounded number of prime terms. This result applies over the rational numbers, assuming Lang's conjecture, and over…