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Traditional meta-analysis assumes that the effect sizes estimated in individual studies follow a Gaussian distribution. However, this distributional assumption is not always satisfied in practice, leading to potentially biased results. In…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-23 Wei Liang , Haicheng Huang , Hongsheng Dai , Yinghui Wei

We develop a general framework for conducting inference on the mean of dependent random variables given constraints on their dependency graph. We establish the consistency of an oracle variance estimator of the mean when the dependency…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-02-02 Peter M. Aronow , Forrest W. Crawford , José R. Zubizarreta

This article explores combinations of weighted bootstraps, like the Bayesian bootstrap, with the bootstrap $t$ method for setting approximate confidence intervals for the mean of a random variable in small samples. For this problem the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-21 Art B. Owen

In this paper, we use the empirical likelihood method to construct the confidence regions for the difference between the parameters of a two-phases nonlinear model with random design. We show that the empirical likelihood ratio has an…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-02-18 Zahraa Salloum

We propose and analyze a new estimator of the covariance matrix that admits strong theoretical guarantees under weak assumptions on the underlying distribution, such as existence of moments of only low order. While estimation of covariance…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-17 Stanislav Minsker , Xiaohan Wei

Extreme events and the heavy tail distributions driven by them are ubiquitous in various scientific, engineering and financial research. They are typically associated with stochastic instability caused by hidden unresolved processes.…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-05-22 Andrew J. Majda , Xin T. Tong

We study efficient algorithms for linear regression and covariance estimation in the absence of Gaussian assumptions on the underlying distributions of samples, making assumptions instead about only finitely-many moments. We focus on how…

For a sample of Exponentially distributed durations we aim at point estimation and a confidence interval for its parameter. A duration is only observed if it has ended within a certain time interval, determined by a Uniform distribution.…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-19 Rafael Weißbach , Dominik Wied

The problem of estimating the coefficient of bivariate tail dependence is considered here from the robustness point of view; it combines two apparently contradictory theories of robust statistics and extreme value statistics. The usual…

Applications · Statistics 2014-07-08 Abhik Ghosh

The Poisson probability distribution is frequently encountered in physical science measurements. In spite of the simplicity and familiarity of this distribution, there is considerable confusion among physicists concerning the description of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2026-04-22 Frank C. Porter

In this paper, the authors first provide an overview of two major developments on complex survey data analysis: the empirical likelihood methods and statistical inference with non-probability survey samples, and highlight the important…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-14 Yilin Chen , Pengfei Li , J. N. K. Rao , Changbao Wu

The q-Gaussians are a class of stable distributions which are present in many scientific fields, and that behave as heavy tailed distributions for an especific range of q values. The identification of these values, which are used in the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-06-11 E. L de Santa Helena , C. M. Nascimento , G. J. L. Gerhardt

Motivated by the empirical observation of power-law distributions in the credits (e.g., ``likes'') of viral posts in social media, we introduce a high-dimensional tail index regression model and propose methods for estimation and inference…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-19 Yuya Sasaki , Jing Tao , Yulong Wang

We consider the problem of constructing confidence intervals for the median of a response $Y \in \mathbb{R}$ conditional on features $X \in \mathbb{R}^d$ in a situation where we are not willing to make any assumption whatsoever on the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-07 Dhruv Medarametla , Emmanuel J. Candès

We consider a model for multivariate data with heavy-tailed marginal distributions and a Gaussian dependence structure. The different marginals in the model are allowed to have non-identical tail behavior in contrast to most popular…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-23 Bikramjit Das

The bootstrap, introduced by Efron (1982), has become a very popular method for estimating variances and constructing confidence intervals. A key insight is that one can approximate the properties of estimators by using the empirical…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-01-29 Guido Imbens , Konrad Menzel

This paper reviews two main types of prediction interval methods under a parametric framework. First, we describe methods based on an (approximate) pivotal quantity. Examples include the plug-in, pivotal, and calibration methods. Then we…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-28 Qinglong Tian , Daniel J. Nordman , William Q. Meeker

Measurements are generally collected as unilateral or bilateral data in clinical trials or observational studies. For example, in ophthalmology studies, the primary outcome is often obtained from one eye or both eyes of an individual. In…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-01 Kejia Wang , Chang-Xing Ma

Classification on long-tailed distributed data is a challenging problem, which suffers from serious class-imbalance and accordingly unpromising performance especially on tail classes. Recently, the ensembling based methods achieve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Bolian Li , Zongbo Han , Haining Li , Huazhu Fu , Changqing Zhang

In the recent paper [5], a Bayesian approach for constructing confidence intervals in monotone regression problems is proposed, based on credible intervals. We view this method from a frequentist point of view, and show that it corresponds…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-01 Piet Groeneboom , Geurt Jongbloed