Related papers: An essay on irrationality measures of pi and other…

The recent technique for estimating lower bounds of the prime counting function $\pi(x)=#\{p \leq x: p\text{ prime}\}$ by means of the irrationality measures $\mu(\zeta(s)) \geq 2$ of special values of the zeta function claims that $\pi(x)…

In this note we show how the irrationality measure of $\zeta(s) = \pi^2/6$ can be used to obtain explicit lower bounds for $\pi(x)$. We analyze the key ingredients of the proof of the finiteness of the irrationality measure, and show how to…

We use a variant of Salikhov's ingenious proof that the irrationality measure of $\pi$ is at most $7.606308\dots$ to prove that, in fact, it is at most $7.103205334137\dots$. Accompanying Maple package: While this article has a fully…

The first estimate of the upper bound $\mu(\pi)\leq42$ of the irrationality measure of the number $\pi$ was computed by Mahler in 1953, and more recently it was reduced to $\mu(\pi)\leq7.6063$ by Salikhov in 2008. Here, it is shown that…

In this paper, we give an approximate formula for the measure of extreme values for the logarithm of the Riemann zeta-function and its iterated integrals. The result recovers the unconditional best result for the $\Omega$-result of…

We point out that the proof of irrationality of $\pi$ by Niven can be modified to a proof by contraposition. As a warm-up, we also give a proof of irrationality of $\sqrt{2}$ and $\sqrt{3}$ in a similar way.

In this paper, we establish improved effective irrationality measures for certain numbers of the form $\sqrt[3]{n}$, using approximations obtained from hypergeometric functions. These results are very close to the best possible using this…

As rewards of reading two great papers of Hermite from 1873, we trace the historical origin of the integral Niven used in his well-known proof of the irrationality of $\pi$, uncover a rarely acknowledged simple proof by Hermite of the…

We show the following bounds on the prime counting function $\pi(x)$ using principles from analytic number theory, giving an estimate: $$2 \log 2 \geq \limsup_{x \rightarrow \infty} \frac{\pi(x)}{x / \log x} \geq \liminf_{x \rightarrow…

For real $\xi$ we consider the irrationality measure function $\psi_\xi(t) = \min_{1\leqslant q \leqslant t, q\in\mathbb{Z}} || q\xi ||$, where $||\cdot||$ - distance to the nearest integer. We prove that in the case…

The paper presents upper estimates for the irrationality measure and the non-quadraticity measure for the numbers $\alpha_k=\sqrt{2k+1}\ln\frac{\sqrt{2k+1}-1}{\sqrt{2k+1}+1}, \ k\in\mathbb N.$

Building upon ideas of the second and third authors, we prove that at least $2^{(1-\varepsilon)\frac{\log s}{\log\log s}}$ values of the Riemann zeta function at odd integers between 3 and $s$ are irrational, where $\varepsilon$ is any…

In one of his posthumous papers, conserved in G\"ottingen, Riemann considers the derivatives of $\log\zeta(s)$ at the point $1/2$, giving explicit values for them. Around 2010 we shared Riemann's value of the second derivative with some…

We apply the Pade technique to find rational approximations to % \[h^{\pm}(q_1,q_2)=\sum_{k=1}^\infty\frac{\q_1^k}{1\pm \q_2^k}, 0<q_1,q_2<1, q_1\in\mathbb{Q}, q_2=1/p_2, p_2\in\mathbb{N}\setminus\{1\}.\] % A separate section is dedicated…

In this short paper, I introduce an elementary method for exactly evaluating the definite integrals $\, \int_0^{\pi}{\ln{(\sin{\theta})}\,d\theta}$, $\int_0^{\pi/2}{\ln{(\sin{\theta})}\,d\theta}$,…

The knowledge on irrationality of p-adic zeta values has recently progressed. The irrationality of zeta_2(2), \zeta_2(3) and of a few other p-adic series of Dirichlet was obtained by F. Calegari. F. Beukers gave a more elementary proof of…

By combining and improving recent techniques and results, we provide explicit estimates for the error terms $|\pi(x)-\text{li}(x)|$, $|\theta(x)-x|$ and $|\psi(x)-x|$ appearing in the prime number theorem. For example, we show for all…

A folklore proof of Euclid's theorem on the infinitude of primes uses the Euler product and the irrationality of $\zeta(2) = \pi^2/6$. A quantified form of Euclid's Theorem is Bertrand's postulate $p_{n+1} < 2p_n$. By quantifying the…

We report new hypergeometric constructions of rational approximations to Catalan's constant, $\log2$, and $\pi^2$, their connection with already known ones, and underlying "permutation group" structures. Our principal arithmetic achievement…

Let $f$ be an $E$-function (in Siegel's sense) not of the form $e^{\beta z}$, $\beta \in \overline{\mathbb{Q}}$, and let $\log$ denote any fixed determination of the complex logarithm. We first prove that there exists a finite set $S(f)$…