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Matrix-valued polynomials in any finite number of freely noncommuting variables that enjoy certain canonical partial convexity properties are characterized, via an algebraic certificate, in terms of Linear Matrix Inequalities and Bilinear…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-01 Sriram Balasubramanian , Neha Hotwani , Scott McCullough

The bienergy of smooth maps between Riemannian manifolds, when restricted to unit vector fields, yields two different variational problems depending on whether one takes the full functional or just the vertical contribution. Their critical…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-05-01 E. Loubeau , M. Markellos

Every lattice is isomorphic to a lattice whose elements are sets of sets, and whose operations are intersection and an operation extending the union of two sets of sets A and B by the set of all sets in which the intersection of an element…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 K. Dosen

Given two rational univariate polynomials, the Wasserstein distance of their associated measures is an algebraic number. We determine the algebraic degree of the squared Wasserstein distance, serving as a measure of algebraic complexity of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-01-24 Chiara Meroni , Bernhard Reinke , Kexin Wang

A theorem of Bogolyubov states that for every dense set $A$ in $\mathbb{Z}_N$ we may find a large Bohr set inside $A+A-A-A$. In this note, motivated by the work on a quantitative inverse theorem for the Gowers $U^4$ norm, we prove a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-04 W. T. Gowers , L. Milićević

If A is a bialgebra over a field k and M, N are either left-right Yetter-Drinfel'd modules or left-right Hopf modules over A, we construct deformation cohomologies H^*(M,N) as total cohomologies of certain double complexes Y(M,N) and…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Florin Panaite , Dragos Stefan

Let $k$ be a number field and $B$ be a central simple algebra over $k$ of dimension $p^2$ where $p$ is prime. In the case that $p=2$ we assume that $B$ is not totally definite. In this paper we study sets of pairwise nonisomorphic maximal…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-09-04 Benjamin Linowitz

A nonnegative multidimensional matrix is called polystochastic if the sum of its entries over each line is equal to $1$. In this paper we overview known results on positiveness of the permanent of polystochastic matrices and prove that the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-09 Anna Taranenko

Which convex subsets of the complex plane are the numerical range W(A of some matrix A? This paper gives a precise characterization of these sets. In addition to this we show that for any A there exists a symmetric matrix B of the same size…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2011-04-26 J. William Helton , Ilya M. Spitkovsky

We equip the polytope of $n\times n$ Markov matrices with the normalized trace of the Lebesgue measure of $\mathbb{R}^{n^2}$. This probability space provides random Markov matrices, with i.i.d. rows following the Dirichlet distribution of…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-06-16 Djalil Chafai

It is known that $C^1$-smooth strictly convex Radon norms in $\mathbb{R}^2$ can be characterized by the property that the outer billiard map, which corresponds to the unit ball of the norm, has an invariant curve consisting of 4-periodic…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-02-11 Mark Berezovik , Misha Bialy

A "spectral convex set" is a collection of symmetric matrices whose range of eigenvalues form a symmetric convex set. Spectral convex sets generalize the Schur-Horn orbitopes studied by Sanyal-Sottile-Sturmfels (2011). We study this class…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-02-12 Raman Sanyal , James Saunderson

Let $P$ be a set of $n$ points in general position on the plane. A set of closed convex polygons with vertices in $P$, and with pairwise disjoint interiors is called a convex decomposition of $P$ if their union is the convex hull of $P$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-16 Toshinori Sakai , Jorge Urrutia

An abstract $n$-polytope $\mathcal{P}$ is a partially-ordered set which captures important properties of a geometric polytope, for any dimension $n$. For even $n \ge 2$, the incidences between elements in the middle two layers of the Hasse…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-21 Marston Conder , Isabelle Steinmann

Wythoff's construction associates a uniform polytope to a Coxeter diagram whose vertices are decorated with crosses, which indicate the subgroup stabilizing a generic point. Champagne, Kjiri, Patera, and Sharp remarked that by associating…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Spencer Whitehead

Birkhoff's representation theorem for finite distributive lattices states that any finite distributive lattice is isomorphic to the lattice of order ideals (lower sets) of the partial order of the join-irreducible elements of the lattice.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Dale R. Worley

We consider $N\times N$ random matrices of the form $H=W+V$ where $W$ is a real symmetric or complex Hermitian Wigner matrix and $V$ is a random or deterministic, real, diagonal matrix whose entries are independent of $W$. We assume…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-08 Ji Oon Lee , Kevin Schnelli , Ben Stetler , Horng-Tzer Yau

In this article we give a unified treatment of the construction of all possible Weitzenb\"ock formulas for all irreducible, non--symmetric holonomy groups. The resulting classification is two--fold, we construct explicitly a basis of the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Uwe Semmelmann , Gregor Weingart

A spectrahedron is a set defined by a linear matrix inequality. Given a spectrahedron we are interested in the question of the smallest possible size $r$ of the matrices in the description by linear matrix inequalities. We show that for the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-06-30 Mario Kummer

In a nutshell, we show that polynomials and nested polytopes are topological, algebraic and algorithmically equivalent. Given two polytops $A\subseteq B$ and a number $k$, the Nested Polytope Problem (NPP) asks, if there exists a polytope…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Michael G. Dobbins , Andreas Holmsen , Tillmann Miltzow