Related papers: Sur l'origine des chiffres arabes
The Fibonacci numbers are familiar to all of us. They appear unexpectedly often in mathematics, so much there is an entire journal and a sequence of conferences dedicated to their study. However, there is also another sequence of numbers…
Arabic is one of the languages that present special challenges to Optical character recognition (OCR). The main challenge in Arabic is that it is mostly cursive. Therefore, a segmentation process must be carried out to determine where the…
The OpenITI team has achieved Optical Character Recognition (OCR) accuracy rates for classical Arabic-script texts in the high nineties. These numbers are based on our tests of seven different Arabic-script texts of varying quality and…
Handwritten character recognition has been the center of research and a benchmark problem in the sector of pattern recognition and artificial intelligence, and it continues to be a challenging research topic. Due to its enormous application…
The ultimate aim of handwriting recognition is to make computers able to read and/or authenticate human written texts, with a performance comparable to or even better than that of humans. Reading means that the computer is given a piece of…
Diacritical marks play a crucial role in meeting the criteria of usability of typographic text, such as: homogeneity, clarity and legibility. To change the diacritic of a letter in a word could completely change its semantic. The situation…
Vowels in Arabic are optional orthographic symbols written as diacritics above or below letters. In Arabic texts, typically more than 97 percent of written words do not explicitly show any of the vowels they contain; that is to say,…
Despite the extensive amount of scholarly work done on Indian mathematics in the last 200 years, the conditions under which it originated and evolved is still not clear. Often, one reads the ancient texts with the present concepts and…
In this paper, we propose an automatic analysis system for the Arabic handwriting postal addresses recognition, by using the beta elliptical model. Our system is divided into different steps: analysis, pre-processing and classification. The…
In this paper, a new hybrid algorithm which combines both of token-based and character-based approaches is presented. The basic Levenshtein approach has been extended to token-based distance metric. The distance metric is enhanced to set…
This study focuses on the design of multiple Arabic diacritical marks and to developing a model that generates the stacking of multiples Arabic diacritics in order to integrate it into a system of Arabic composition. The problem concerns…
Deaf people are using sign language for communication, and it is a combination of gestures, movements, postures, and facial expressions that correspond to alphabets and words in spoken languages. The proposed Arabic sign language…
The Arabic language has undergone notable transformations over time, including the emergence of new vocabulary, the obsolescence of others, and shifts in word usage. This evolution is evident in the distinction between the classical and…
In this paper, we introduce the Lah-Bell numbers and their natural extensions, namely the Lah-Bell polynomials, and derive some basic properties of such numbers and polynomials by using elementary methods. In addition, we consider the…
The focus of this note is to formulate the algorithms and give the examples used by Fibonacci in Liber Abaci to expand any fraction into a sum of unit fractions. The description in Liber Abaci is all verbal and the examples are numbers…
Judeo-Arabic refers to Arabic variants historically spoken by Jewish communities across the Arab world, primarily during the Middle Ages. Unlike standard Arabic, it is written in Hebrew script by Jewish writers and for Jewish audiences.…
Converting images of Arabic text into plain text is a widely researched topic in academia and industry. However, recognition of Arabic handwritten and printed text presents difficult challenges due to the complex nature of variations of the…
Recognition of Arabic characters is essential for natural language processing and computer vision fields. The need to recognize and classify the handwritten Arabic letters and characters are essentially required. In this paper, we present…
Handwriting Recognition has been a field of great interest in the Artificial Intelligence domain. Due to its broad use cases in real life, research has been conducted widely on it. Prominent work has been done in this field focusing mainly…
Tunisian Arabic (ISO 693-3: aeb) isa distinct variety native to Tunisia, derived from Arabic and enriched by various historical influences. This research introduces the "Normalized Orthography for Tunisian Arabic" (NOTA), an adaptation of…