Related papers: Sur l'origine des chiffres arabes
This paper introduces the RGB Arabic Alphabet Sign Language (AASL) dataset. AASL comprises 7,856 raw and fully labelled RGB images of the Arabic sign language alphabets, which to our best knowledge is the first publicly available RGB…
We find a polynomial in three variables whose values at nonnegative integers satisfy the Erd\H{o}s-Straus Conjecture. Although the perfect squares are not covered by these values, it allows us to prove that there are arbitrarily long…
`Terquem's problem' is a name given in the twentieth century to the problem of enumerating certain integer sequences whose entries alternate in parity. In particular, this problem asks for the count of strictly increasing length $m$…
The main purpose of this paper is to construct new families of special numbers with their generating functions. These numbers are related to the many well-known numbers, which are the Bernoulli numbers, the Fibonacci numbers, the Lucas…
We use elementary methods to establish three key recurrence relations: one for derangement numbers, a second for harmonic numbers, and a third for degenerate harmonic numbers. Our results not only contribute to the understanding of the…
In this paper, we construct new families of convolutional codes. Such codes are obtained by means of algebraic geometry codes. Additionally, more families of convolutional codes are constructed by means of puncturing, extending, expanding…
The term natural language refers to any system of symbolic communication (spoken, signed or written) without intentional human planning and design. This distinguishes natural languages such as Arabic and Japanese from artificially…
The mathematical concept of q-deformations, in particular the one of qnumbers, is used to study the genetic code(s). After considering two kinds of q-numbers, for comparison, a phenomenological classification scheme of the genetic code…
The Arabic language is a complex language; it is different from Western languages especially at the morphological and spelling variations. Indeed, the performance of information retrieval systems in the Arabic language is still a problem.…
This article gives an introduction for mathematicians interested in numerical computations in algebraic geometry and number theory to some recent progress in algorithmic number theory, emphasising the key role of approximate computations…
The Operator axioms have produced new real numbers with new operators. New operators naturally produce new equations and thus extend the traditional mathematical models which are selected to describe various scientific rules. So new…
The genetic code structure into distinct multiplet-classes as well as the numeric degeneracies of the latter are revealed by a two-step process. First, an empirical inventory of the degeneracies (of the shuffled multiplets) in two specific…
In this article, we introduce and study a new integer sequence referred to as the higher order Mersenne sequence. The proposed sequence is analogous to the higher order Fibonacci numbers and closely associated with the Mersenne numbers.…
This article introduces the benefits of using computer as a tool for foreign language teaching and learning. It describes the effect of using Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools for learning Arabic. The technique explored in this…
This study thoroughly investigates how well deep learning models can recognize Arabic handwritten text for person biometric identification. It compares three advanced architectures -- ResNet50, MobileNetV2, and EfficientNetB7 -- using three…
In 2008 or earlier, Michel Mend\`es France asked for an instance of a real number $x$ such that both $x$ and $1/x$ are simply normal to a given integer base $b$. We give a positive answer to this question by constructing a number $x$ such…
In natural language processing, multilingual models like mBERT and XLM-RoBERTa promise broad coverage but often struggle with languages that share a script yet differ in orthographic norms and cultural context. This issue is especially…
Recently, degenerate Cauchy numbers and polynomials are introduced in [10]. In this paper, we study the degenerate Cauchy numbers and polynomials which are different from the previous degenerate Cauchy numbers and polynomials. In addition,…
We consider issues related to the origins, sources and initial motivations of the theory of Hopf algebras. We consider the two main sources of primeval development: algebraic topology and algebraic group theory. Hopf algebras are named from…
Despite the fact that almost all real numbers are absolutely normal---that is, the digits in their expansions to any base occur in all possible configurations with the expected frequency---not one specific example of an absolutely normal…