Related papers: Bell numbers, log-concavity, and log-convexity

Let $(U_n)_{n=0}^\infty$ and $(V_m)_{m=0}^\infty$ be two linear recurrence sequences. For fixed positive integers $k$ and $\ell$, fixed $k$-tuple $(a_1,\dots,a_k)\in \mathbb{Z}^k$ and fixed $\ell$-tuple $(b_1,\dots,b_\ell)\in…

Denote by $N_{\ell}(n)$ the number of $\ell$-tuples of elements in the symmetric group $S_n$ with commuting components, normalized by the order of $S_n$. In this paper, we prove asymptotic formulas for $N_\ell(n)$. In addition, general…

In this paper, we use the analytic method of Odlyzko and Richmond to study the log-concavity of power series. If $f(z) = \sum_n a_nz^n$ is an infinite series with $a_n \geq 1$ and $a_0 + \cdots + a_n = O(n + 1)$ for all $n$, we prove that a…

Many trace inequalities can be expressed either as concavity/convexity theorems or as monotonicity theorems. A classic example is the joint convexity of the quantum relative entropy which is equivalent to the Data Processing Inequality. The…

This work investigates preserving and reversing unimodality and convexity properties for sequences under transformations defined by sign-regular kernels. It is shown that these transformations only preserve these properties if the kernels…

Let $m$ and $k \geq 2$ be positive integers. We show that polynomial $P = (1+x)^m(1+x^k)$ is strongly unimodal (frequently known as {\it log concave\/}) if and only if $m \geq k^2 -3$; this is also the criterion for $P$ to be merely…

Let $n \ge 2$ be an integer and $\alpha_1, \ldots, \alpha_n$ be non-zero algebraic numbers. Let $b_1, \ldots , b_n$ be integers with $b_n \not= 0$, and set $B = \max\{3, |b_1|, \ldots , |b_n|\}$. For $j =1, \ldots, n$, set $h^* (\alpha_j) =…

Bell's theorem is a conflict of mathematical predictions formulated within an infinite hierarchy of mathematical models. Inequalities formulated at level $k\in\mathbb{Z}$, are violated by probabilities at level $k+1$. We are inclined to…

Quantum theory is inconsistent with any local hidden variable model as was first shown by Bell. To test Bell inequalities two separated observers extract correlations from a common ensemble of identical systems. Since quantum theory does…

In recent years, the log-concavity of $\{\sqrt[n]{S_n}\}_{n\geq 1}$ have been received a lot of attention. Very recently, Sun posed the following conjecture in his new book: the sequences $\{\sqrt[n]{a_n}\}_{n\geq 2}$ and $\{…

Non-classical quantum correlations underpin both the foundations of quantum mechanics and modern quantum technologies. Among them, Bell nonlocality is a central example. For bipartite Bell inequalities, nonlocal correlations obey strict…

According to recent reports, the last loopholes in testing Bell's inequality are closed. It is argued that the really important task in this field has not been tackled yet and that the leading experiments claiming to close locality and…

Over the past few decades, experimental tests of Bell-type inequalities have been at the forefront of understanding quantum mechanics and its implications. These strong bounds on specific measurements on a physical system originate from…

Let $B_{n}$ denote the Bernoulli numbers, and $S(n,k)$ denote the Stirling numbers of the second kind. We prove the following identity $$ B_{m+n}=\sum_{\substack{0\leq k \leq n \\ 0\leq l \leq m}}\frac{(-1)^{k+l}\,k!\, l!\,…

Let f(x_1,x_2,...,x_m) = u_1x_1+u_2 x_2+... + u_mx_m be a linear form with positive integer coefficients, and let N_f(k) = min{|f(A)| : A \subseteq Z and |A|=k}. A minimizing k-set for f is a set A such that |A|=k and |f(A)| = N_f(k). A…

The predictions of quantum mechanics cannot be resolved with a completely classical view of the world. In particular, the statistics of space-like separated measurements on entangled quantum systems violate a Bell inequality. We put forward…

In this paper, mainly using the convexity of the function $\frac{a^x-b^x}{c^x-d^x}$ and convexity or concavity of the function $\ln\frac{a^x-b^x}{c^x-d^x}$ on the real line, where $a>b\geq c>d>0$ are fixed real numbers, we obtain some…

A proof of Bell's theorem without inequalities is presented in which distant local setups do not need to be aligned, since the required perfect correlations are achieved for any local rotation of the local setups.

Let $p_n$ denote the $n$-th prime. For any $m\geq 1$, there exist infinitely many $n$ such that $p_{n}-p_{n-m}\leq C_m$ for some large constant $C_m>0$, and $$p_{n+1}-p_n\geq \frac{c_m\log n\log\log n\log\log\log\log n}{\log\log\log n}, $$…

We analyze the role played by $n$-convexity for the fulfillment of a series of linear functional inequalities that extend the Hornich-Hlawka functional inequality, $f\left( x\right) +f\left( y\right) +f\left( z\right) +f\left( x+y+z\right)…