Related papers: On the sums Sum((4k+1)^(-n),k,-inf,+inf)

We present a large number of analytic evaluations of Euler sums, namely sums such as \begin{align} M(m,n_0,n_1,n_2, \ldots, n_t) &= \sum_{k=1}^\infty \frac{H(k)^m}{k^{n_0} (k+1)^{n_1} (k+2)^{n_2} \cdots (k+t)^{n_t}}, \nonumber \end{align}…

Let X be a finite set of points in R^n. A polynomial p nonnegative on X can be written as a sum of squares of rational functions modulo the vanishing ideal I(X). From the point of view of applications, such as polynomial optimization, we…

This paper presents an alternative proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra that has several distinct advantages. The proof is based on simple ideas involving continuity and differentiation. Visual software demonstrations can be used to…

Inspired by a classical result of R\'enyi, we prove that every even integer $N\geq 4$ can be written as the sum of a prime and a number with at most 395 prime factors. We also show, under assumption of the generalised Riemann hypothesis,…

The purpose of this paper consists to study the sums of the type $P(n) + P(n - d) + P(n - 2 d) + \dots$, where $P$ is a real polynomial, $d$ is a positive integer and the sum stops at the value of $P$ at the smallest natural number of the…

We give explicit evaluations of the linear and non-linear Euler sums of hyperharmonic numbers $h_{n}^{\left( r\right) }$ with reciprocal binomial coefficients. These evaluations enable us to extend closed form formula of Euler sums of…

In this paper we give unified formulas for the numbers of representations of positive integers as sums of four generalized $m$-gonal numbers, and as restricted sums of four squares under a linear condition, respectively. These formulas are…

Lagrange's four-square theorem states that every natural number $n$ can be represented as the sum of four integer squares: $n=x_1^2+x_2^2+x_3^2+x_4^2$. Ramanujan generalized Lagrange's result by providing, up to equivalence, all $54$…

E158 in the Enestrom index. Translation of the Latin original "Observationes analyticae variae de combinationibus" (1741). This paper introduces the problem of partitions, or partitio numerorum (the partition of integers). In the first part…

In this paper, we present several explicit formulas of the sums and hyper-sums of the powers of the first (n+1)-terms of a general arithmetic sequence in terms of Stirling numbers and generalized Bernoulli polynomials.

We refine Lagrange's four-square theorem in new ways by imposing some restrictions involving powers of two (including $1$). For example, we show that each $n=1,2,3,\ldots$ can be written as $x^2+y^2+z^2+w^2$ $(x,y,z,w\in\mathbb…

Let $\sum_{d|n}$ denote sum over divisors of a positive integer $n$, and $t_{r}(n)$ denote the number of representations of $n$ as a sum of $r$ triangular numbers. Then we prove that $$…

Leonhard Euler likely developed his summation formula in 1732, and soon used it to estimate the sum of the reciprocal squares to 14 digits --- a value mathematicians had been competing to determine since Leibniz's astonishing discovery that…

Let $k \ge 2$ and $s$ be positive integers, and let $n$ be a large positive integer subject to certain local conditions. We prove that if $s \ge k^2+k+1$ and $\theta > 31/40$, then $n$ can be expressed as a sum $p_1^k + \dots + p_s^k$,…

Euler discovered a formula for expressing the value of the Riemann zeta function for all even positive integer arguments. A closed-form expression for the Riemann zeta function for all odd integer arguments, based on the values of the…

We apply G. Prasad's volume formula for the arithmetic quotients of semi-simple groups and Bruhat-Tits theory to study the covolumes of arithmetic subgroups of SO(1,n). As a result we prove that for any even dimension n there exists a…

Translation from the Latin original, "Inventio summae cuiusque seriei ex dato termino generali" (1735). E47 in the Enestrom index. In this paper Euler derives the Euler-Maclaurin summation formula, by expressing y(x-1) with the Taylor…

The variety of sums of powers of a homogeneous polynomial of degree d in n variables is defined and investigated in some examples, old and new. These varieties are studied via apolarity and syzygies. Classical results of Sylvester (1851),…

This is an expository article that results from a talk given to second year students at Oldenburg university. The aim of the talk was to show what beautiful and unexpected results may be obtained if one plays with daring analogies in a way…

In this paper, we provide a probabilistic interpretation of the Volkenborn integral; this allows us to extend results by T. Kim et al about sums of Euler numbers to sums of Bernoulli numbers. We also obtain a probabilistic representation of…