Related papers: Orthogonal matrices with rational components in co…
We study Kummer's approach towards proving the Fermat's last Theorem for regular primes. Some basic algebraic prerequisites are also discussed in this report, and also a brief history of the problem is mentioned. We review among other…
A elementary proof of Fermat"s Last Theorem[1] is presented for the case of even exponents n=2q, where q is any integer, including 2. For even exponents, the proof of the theorem reduces to showing that solutions of the Pythagorean equation…
Orthogonal polynomials are of fundamental importance in many fields of mathematics and science, therefore the study of a particular family is always relevant. In this manuscript, we present a survey of some general results of the Hermite…
Fermat's statement is equivalent to say that if $x$, $y$, $z$, $n$ are integers and $n>2$, then $z^{n}\gtrless x^{n}+y^{n}$. This is proved with the aid of numbers $\lambda $'s, of the form $\lambda =z/\rho $, with $1<\rho<z$, named…
Any rational number can be factored into a product of several rationals whose sum vanishes. This simple but nontrivial fact was suggested as a problem on a maths olympiad for high-school students. We completely solve similar questions in…
`Fermat's Last Theorem for the exponent 3 has received numerous proofs, the most common of which being either in Euler's or in Gauss' style. This latter works entirely in the ring of integers of the quadratic field generated by the square…
One shows that the Last Fermat Theorem is equivalent to the statement that all rational solutions of the famous equation are provided by an orbit of rationally parametrized subgroup of a group preserving k-ubic form. This very group…
In his proof of Fermat's Last Theorem, Wiles deployed a commutative algebra technique, namely a numerical criterion for detecting isomorphisms of rings. In our recent work we pick up on Wiles' work and generalize the numerical criterion to…
Recent results of Freitas, Kraus, Sengun and Siksek, give sufficient criteria for the asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem to hold over a specific number field. Those works in turn build on many deep theorems in arithmetic geometry. In this…
The ring of Fermat reals is an extension of the real field containing nilpotent infinitesimals, and represents an alternative to Synthetic Differential Geometry in classical logic. In the present paper, our first aim is to study this ring…
Mathematics can serve many functions in physics. It can provide a computational system, reflect a physical idea, conveniently encode a rule, and so forth. A physics student thus has many different options for using mathematics in his…
We introduce the ring of Fermat reals, an extension of the real field containing nilpotent infinitesimals. The construction takes inspiration from Smooth Infinitesimal Analysis (SIA), but provides a powerful theory of actual infinitesimals…
Practicing mathematicians often assume that mathematical claims, when they are true, have good reasons to be true. Such a state of affairs is "unreasonable", in Wigner's sense, because basic results in computational complexity suggest that…
Geometry is essentially a global language, which is fully understood in different times, countries and cultures. The proof of a geometric theorem (e.g. the Pythagorean Theorem) or a geometric construction (e.g. the construction of an…
The ABC conjecture implies many conjectures and theorems in number theory, including the celebrated Fermat's Last Theorem. Mason-Stothers Theorem is a function field analogue of the ABC conjecture that admits a much more elementary proof…
The conjecture that every elliptic curve with rational coefficients is a so-called modular curve -- since 2000 a theorem due in large part to Andrew Wiles and, in complete generality, to Breuil-Conrad-Diamond-Taylor -- has been known by…
This article discusses what can be proved about the foundations of mathematics using the notions of algorithm and information. The first part is retrospective, and presents a beautiful antique, Godel's proof, the first modern incompleteness…
Let F be a totally real number field of odd degree. We prove several purely local criteria for the asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem to hold over F, and also for the non-existence of solutions to the unit equation over F. For example, if 2…
In the present paper we study, in a mathematically non-formal way, the validity of the Fermat's Last Theorem (FLT) by generalizing the usual procedure of extracting the square root of non convenient objects initially introduced by P. A. M.…
The main result of the present article is a proof of Fermat's Last Theorem for sufficiently large prime exponents $p$ with $p \equiv 2 \pmod{3}$ over certain number fields. A particular case of these fields are the maximal real subfields of…