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A finite discrete graph is turned into a quantum (metric) graph once a finite length is assigned to each edge and the one-dimensional Laplacian is taken to be the operator. We study the dependence of the spectral gap (the first positive…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-03-28 Ram Band , Guillaume Lévy

The Lipschitz space of an infinite (locally-finite) graph is defined as the set of functions on the vertices of the graph such that the differences of the values between adjacent vertices remain bounded. In this paper we prove that this set…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-02-17 José A. Issa-Barbará , Rubén A. Martínez-Avendaño

We study invariants under gauge transformations of linear partial differential operators on two variables. Using results of BK-factorization, we construct hierarchy of general invariants for operators of an arbitrary order. Properties of…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-06-26 E. Kartashova

We study spectral properties of the standard (also called Kirchhoff) Laplacian and the anti-standard (or anti-Kirchhoff) Laplacian on a finite, compact metric graph. We show that the positive eigenvalues of these two operators coincide…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-18 Pavel Kurasov , Jonathan Rohleder

We revisit the well-established regularity estimates on harmonic maps on surfaces to question their independence with respect to the dimension of the target manifold. We are mainly interested in harmonic maps into target ellipsoids, that we…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Romain Petrides

We introduce an explicit description of the $\Phi^4_3$ measure on a bounded domain. Our starting point is the interpretation of its Laplace transform as the value function of a stochastic optimal control problem along the flow of a scale…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-12-23 N. Barashkov , M. Gubinelli

In this paper we study the eigenvalues of the laplacian matrices of the cyclic graphs with one edge of weight $\alpha$ and the others of weight $1$. We denote by $n$ the order of the graph and suppose that $n$ tends to infinity. We notice…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-28 Sergei M. Grudsky , Egor A. Maximenko , Alejandro Soto-González

Left invariant metrics induced by the p-norms of the trace in the matrix algebra are studied on the general lineal group. By means of the Euler-Lagrange equations, existence and uniqueness of extremal paths for the length functional are…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2011-09-05 Esteban Andruchow , Gabriel Larotonda , Lazaro Recht , Alejandro Varela

Graph polynomials are graph parameters invariant under graph isomorphisms which take values in a polynomial ring with a fixed finite number of indeterminates. We study graph polynomials from a model theoretic point of view. In this paper we…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-05-24 J. A. Makowsky , E. V. Ravve , T. Kotek

We study the gap processes in a degenerate system of three particles interacting through their ranks. We obtain the Laplace transform of the invariant measure of these gaps, and an explicit expression for the corresponding invariant…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-01-22 Sandro Franceschi , Tomoyuki Ichiba , Ioannis Karatzas , Kilian Raschel

On a periodic planar graph whose edge weights satisfy a certain simple geometric condition, the discrete Laplacian and d-bar operators have the property that their determinants and inverses only depend on the local geometry of the graph. We…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Richard Kenyon

We characterize the valuations on the space of quasi-concave functions defined on the $N$-dimensional Euclidean space, that are rigid motion invariant and continuous with respect to a suitable topology. Among them we also provide a specific…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-12-02 Andrea Colesanti , Nico Lombardi

We review the properties of eigenvectors for the graph Laplacian matrix, aiming at predicting a specific eigenvalue/vector from the geometry of the graph. After considering classical graphs for which the spectrum is known, we focus on…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-23 J. -G. Caputo , A. Knippel

The Laplacian spread of a graph is the difference between the largest eigenvalue and the second-smallest eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix of the graph. We find that the class of strongly regular graphs attains the maximum of largest…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-11-25 Fan-Hsuan Lin , Chih-wen Weng

The main objective of the present work is to study contraction semigroups generated by Laplace operators on metric graphs, which are not necessarily self-adjoint. We prove criteria for such semigroups to be continuity and positivity…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2008-02-27 Vadim Kostrykin , Jurgen Potthoff , Robert Schrader

We develop a geometric version of the inverse problem of the calculus of variations for discrete mechanics and constrained discrete mechanics. The geometric approach consists of using suitable Lagrangian and isotropic submanifolds. We also…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-05-09 María Barbero-Liñán , Marta Farré Puiggalí , Sebastián Ferraro , David Martín de Diego

Special functions are often defined as a Fourier or Laplace transform of a positive measure, and the positivity of the measure manifests as positive definiteness of certain matrices. The purpose of this expository note is to give a sample…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-03-22 Ruiming Zhang

We consider vector fields $X$ on a closed manifold $M$ with rest points of Morse type. For such vector fields we define the property of exponential growth. A cohomology class $\xi\in H^1(M;\mathbb R)$ which is Lyapunov for $X$ defines…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Dan Burghelea , Stefan Haller

If $u : \Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^d \to {\rm X}$ is a harmonic map valued in a metric space ${\rm X}$ and ${\sf E} : {\rm X} \to \mathbb{R}$ is a convex function, in the sense that it generates an ${\rm EVI}_0$-gradient flow, we prove that…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2021-07-21 Hugo Lavenant , Léonard Monsaingeon , Luca Tamanini , Dmitry Vorotnikov

This article establishes several remarkably simple identities relating certain metric invariants of level curves of real and complex functions. In particular, we relate lengths of level curves to their curvature and to the gradient field of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-04-24 Pisheng Ding