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In this article one introduces a formalism of classical mechanics where complex Lagrangian functions are admitted. The results include complex versions of the Lagrangian function, of the Euler-Lagrange equation, of the Hamilton principle, a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Sergio Giardino

The task of parametric model selection is cast in terms of a statistical mechanics on the space of probability distributions. Using the techniques of low-temperature expansions, we arrive at a systematic series for the Bayesian posterior…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-02-03 Vijay Balasubramanian

The multiplicative Lagrangian and Hamiltonian introduce an additional parameter that, despite its variation, results in identical equations of motion as those derived from the standard Lagrangian. This intriguing property becomes even more…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-01 Kittikun Surawuttinack , Suppanat Supanyo , Sikarin Yoo-Kong

We show that classical particle mechanics (Hamiltonian and Lagrangian consistent with relativistic electromagnetism) can be derived from three fundamental assumptions: infinite reducibility, deterministic and reversible evolution, and…

Classical Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Gabriele Carcassi

We provide a new representation-independent formulation of Occam's razor theorem, based on Kolmogorov complexity. This new formulation allows us to: (i) Obtain better sample complexity than both length-based and VC-based versions of Occam's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2009-09-29 Ming Li , John Tromp , Paul Vitanyi

This paper is the first of several parts introducing a new powerful algebra: the algebra of the pseudo-observables. This is a C*-algebra whose set is formed by formal expressions involving observables. The algebra is constructed by applying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-21 Edoardo Piparo

We propose the Lagrangian formulation for describing the motion of a test particle in a general relativistic, stationary, and axially symmetric spacetime. The test particle is also affected by a radiation field, modeled as a coherent flux…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-05-07 Vittorio De Falco , Emmanuele Battista , Maurizio Falanga

In the present work we redefine and generalize the action principle for dissipative systems proposed by Riewe by fixing the mathematical inconsistencies present in the original approach. In order to formulate a quadratic Lagrangian for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-12-17 Matheus J. Lazo , Cesar E. Krumreich

Causal variational principles, which are the analytic core of the physical theory of causal fermion systems, are found to have an underlying Hamiltonian structure, giving a formulation of the dynamics in terms of physical fields in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-10-17 Felix Finster , Johannes Kleiner

We consider a geometric framework for analytical mechanics with external forces. Four versions of this framework are considered. A variational principle with boundary terms and external forces.The second and the third versions are the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Giuseppe Marmo , Wodzimierz M. Tulczyjew , Pawel Urbanski

After reviewing the Lagrangian-Hamiltonian unified formalism (i.e, the Skinner-Rusk formalism) for higher-order (non-autonomous) dynamical systems, we state a unified geometrical version of the Variational Principles which allows us to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-01-16 Pedro D. Prieto-Martínez , Narciso Román-Roy

The aim of this work is to show that particle mechanics, both classical and quantum, Hamiltonian and Lagrangian, can be derived from few simple physical assumptions. Assuming deterministic and reversible time evolution will give us a…

Classical Physics · Physics 2018-07-26 Gabriele Carcassi , Christine A. Aidala , David J. Baker , Lydia Bieri

Scientists often think of the world (or some part of it) as a dynamical system, a stochastic process, or a generalization of such a system. Prominent examples of systems are (i) the system of planets orbiting the sun or any other classical…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-04-30 Christian List , Marcus Pivato

The geometric Lagrangian theory (of arbitrary order) is based on the analysis of some basic mathematical objects such as: the contact ideal, the (exact) variational sequence, the existence of Euler-Lagrange and Helmholtz-Sonin forms, etc.…

dg-ga · Mathematics 2008-02-03 Dan Radu Grigore

We start with the cosmic Friedmann equations, where we adopt a novel perspective rooted in a Lagrangian formulation grounded in Newtonian mechanics and the first law of thermodynamics. Our investigation operates under the assumption that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-19 Jaume de Haro

We present a canonical formulation of gravity theories whose Lagrangian is an arbitrary function of the Riemann tensor. Our approach allows a unified treatment of various subcases and an easy identification of the degrees of freedom of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-21 Nathalie Deruelle , Misao Sasaki , Yuuiti Sendouda , Daisuke Yamauchi

Many Lagrangians of physical theories can be expressed as eigenvalues of certain, relatively simple, matrices involving Dirac gamma matrices. We give concrete examples for Lagrangian corresponding to a point particle coupled to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-09-04 Maciej Trzetrzelewski

The Author shows how to construct a class of Lagrangians for relativistic dynamical systems described by position and a single spinor. One arrives to it by imposing three requirements: 1) Hamilton action should be reparametrization…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-04-01 Łukasz Bratek

Continuum mechanics can be formulated in the Lagrangian frame (addressing motion of individual continuum particles) or in the Eulerian frame (addressing evolution of fields in an inertial frame). There is a canonical Hamiltonian structure…

Classical Physics · Physics 2020-05-20 Michal Pavelka , Ilya Peshkov , Vaclav Klika

Classical description of relativistic pointlike particle with intrinsic degrees of freedom such as isospin or colour is proposed. It is based on the Lagrangian of general form defined on the tangent bundle over a principal fibre bundle. It…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-24 A. Duviryak