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Related papers: Generalized Second Law in String Cosmology

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The generalized second law of gravitational thermodynamics is applied to the present era of accelerated expansion of the Universe. In spite of the fact that the entropy of matter and relic gravitational waves inside the event horizon…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 German Izquierdo , Diego Pavon

In black hole physics, the second law of thermodynamics is generally valid whether the black hole is a static or a non-static one. Considering the universe as a thermodynamical system the second law of black hole dynamics extends to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-19 Subenoy Chakraborty , Nairwita Mazumder , Ritabrata Biswas

We investigate the consequences of two assumptions for String (or M) Theory, namely that: 1) all coordinates are compact and bound by the horizon of observation, 2) the ``dynamics'' of compactification is determined by the ``second law of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrea Gregori

In string theory, the traditional picture of a Universe that emerges from the inflation of a very small and highly curved space-time patch is a possibility, not a necessity: quite different initial conditions are possible, and not…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-06-01 M. Gasperini , G. Veneziano

We seek here to unify the second law of thermodynamics with the other laws, or at least to put up a law behind the second law of thermodynamics. Assuming no fine tuning, concretely by a random Hamiltonian, we argue just from equations of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Holger B. Nielsen , Masao Ninomiya

The generalized second law is proven for semiclassical quantum fields falling across a causal horizon, minimally coupled to general relativity. The proof is much more general than previous proofs in that it permits the quantum fields to be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-18 Aron C. Wall

The accretion of phantom fields by black holes within a thermodynamic context is addressed. For a fluid violating the dominant energy condition, case of a phantom fluid, the Euler and Gibbs relations permit two different possibilities for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 J. A. de Freitas Pacheco , J. E. Horvath

This Letter considers the generalized second law of gravitational thermodynamics in two scenarios featuring a phantom dominated expansion plus a black hole. The law is violated in both scenarios.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 German Izquierdo , Diego Pavon

I use cosmology examples to illustrate that the second law of thermodynamics is not old and tired, but alive and kicking, continuing to stimulate interesting research on really big puzzles. The question "Why is the entropy so low?" (despite…

Popular Physics · Physics 2015-09-09 Max Tegmark

We give a short review of the recent developments of entropic cosmology based on two thermodynamic laws of the apparent horizon, namely the first and the second laws of thermodynamics. The first law essentially provides the change of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-04 Shin'ichi Nojiri , Sergei D. Odintsov , Tanmoy Paul

The anomalous conformal transformation law of the generalized entropy is found for dilaton gravity coupled to a 1+1 conformal matter sector with central charges $c = \tilde{c}$. (When $c \ne \tilde{c}$ the generalized entropy is not…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-08 Aron C. Wall

The low-energy limit of string theory contains additional gravitational degrees of freedom, a skew-symmetric tensor $B$-field and a scalar dilaton, that are not present in general relativity. Together with the metric, these three fields are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-03-21 Stephen Angus , Shinji Mukohyama

We examine the validity of the generalized second law (GSL) of gravitational thermodynamics in the context of interacting $f(R)$ gravity. We take into account that the boundary of the universe to be confined by the dynamical apparent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-22 Ramon Herrera , Nelson Videla

The actions of the ``$R=T$'' and string-inspired theories of gravity in (1+1) dimensions are generalized into one single action which is characterized by two functions. We discuss differing interpretations of the matter stress-energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 J. S. F. Chan , R. B. Mann

We investigate the validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics in a universe governed by Horava-Lifshitz gravity. Under the equilibrium assumption, that is in the late-time cosmological regime, we calculate separately the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-03-28 Mubasher Jamil , Emmanuel N. Saridakis , M. R. Setare

In this paper, the generalized second law (GSL) of thermodynamics and entropy is revisited in the context of cosmological models with bouncing behavior such as chameleon cosmology where the boundary of the universe is assumed to be enclosed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 H. Farajollahi , A. Salehi , F. Tayebi

We apply the generalized second law of thermodynamics to discriminate among quantum corrections (whether logarithmic or power-law) to the entropy of the apparent horizon in spatially Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universes. We use the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-21 Ninfa Radicella , Diego Pavón

We review recent progress in string cosmology, where string dualities are applied so as to obtain complete cosmological evolutions, free of any essential singularities. Two classes of models are analyzed. The first class consists of string…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-05-28 Costas Kounnas , Nicolaos Toumbas

String gas cosmology is a string theory-based approach to early universe cosmology which is based on making use of robust features of string theory such as the existence of new states and new symmetries. A first goal of string gas cosmology…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-08-07 Robert H. Brandenberger

In this article we consider the second law of black holes (and other causal horizons) in theories where the gravitational action is an arbitrary function of the Lovelock densities. We show that there exists an entropy which increases…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-21 Sudipta Sarkar , Aron C. Wall