Related papers: Mersenne Primes, Polygonal Anomalies and String Th…

Many famous integer sequences including the Catalan numbers and the Motzkin numbers can be expressed in the form $ConstantTermOf\left[P(x)^nQ(x)\right]$ for Laurent polynomials $Q$, and symmetric Laurent trinomials $P$. In this paper we…

Let $p$ be a prime. For $p=2$, the fields of values of the complex irreducible characters of finite groups whose degrees are not divisible by $p$ have been classified; for odd primes $p$, a conjectural classification has been proposed. In…

Let $E$ be an elliptic curve defined over rational field $\mathbb{Q}$ and $N$ be a positive integer. Now, $M_E(N)$ denotes the number of primes $p$, such that the group $E_p(\mathbb{F}_p)$ is of order $N$. We show that $M_E(N)$ follows…

We give a pedagogical introduction to string theory, D-branes and p-brane solutions.

Many generating series of combinatorially interesting numbers have the property that the sum of the terms of order $<p$ at some suitable point is congruent to a zero of a zeta-function modulo infinitely many primes $p$. Surprisingly, very…

We review the status of duality symmetries in superstring theories. These discrete symmetries mark the striking differences between theories of pointlike objects and theories of extended objects. They prove to be very helpful in…

For any measure preserving system $(X,\mathcal{X},\mu,T)$ and $A\in\mathcal{X}$ with $\mu(A)>0$, we show that there exist infinitely many primes $p$ such that $\mu\bigl(A\cap T^{-(p-1)}A\cap T^{-2(p-1)}A\bigr) > 0$ (the same holds with…

The purpose of this short review is to present progresses in string theory in the recent past. There have been very important developments in our understanding of string dynamics, especially in the nonperturbative aspects. In this context,…

Denote by $\mathbb{N}$ and $\mathbb{P}$ the set of all positive integers and prime numbers, respectively. Let $\mathbb{P}=\{p_1<p_2<\dots <p_n<\dots\}$, where $p_n$ is the $n$-th prime number. For $k\in\mathbb{N}$ we recursively define…

The role of integrable systems in string theory is discussed. We remind old examples of the correspondence between stringy partition functions or effective actions and integrable equations, based on effective application of the matrix model…

In \cite{MacResField} the second author gave a systematic analysis of definability and decidability for rings $\mathcal M/p\mathcal M$, where $\mathcal M$ is a model of Peano Arithmetic and $p$ is a prime in $\mathcal M$. In the present…

We discuss systematic approaches to the classification of string/M theory vacua, and physical questions this might help us resolve. To this end, we initiate the study of ensembles of effective Lagrangians, which can be used to precisely…

We probe the open fundamental strings in Dp-brane (p=1, 3, 5) backgrounds and find new classes of rotating and orbiting string solutions. We show that for various worldsheet embedding ansatz we get solutions of the string equations of…

We prove a generalization of the author's work to show that any subset of the primes which is `well-distributed' in arithmetic progressions contains many primes which are close together. Moreover, our bounds hold with some uniformity in the…

A well-known conjecture asserts that there are infinitely many primes $p$ for which $p - 1$ is a perfect square. We obtain upper and lower bounds of matching order on the number of pairs of distinct primes $p,q \le x$ for which $(p - 1)(q -…

N=2 heterotic strings may provide a window into the physics of M-theory radically different than that found via the other supersymmetric string theories. In addition to their supersymmetric structure, these strings carry a four-dimensional…

In these lectures we give a brief introduction to perturbative and non-perturbative string theory. The outline is the following: 1. Introduction to perturbative string theory 1.1 From point particle to extended objects 1.2 Free closed and…

We establish the existence of infinitely many \emph{polynomial} progressions in the primes; more precisely, given any integer-valued polynomials $P_1, >..., P_k \in \Z[\m]$ in one unknown $\m$ with $P_1(0) = ... = P_k(0) = 0$ and any $\eps…

We write down charged macroscopic string solutions in type II string theories, compactified on torii, and present an explicit solution of the spinor Killing equations to show that they preserve 1/2 of the type II supersymmetries. The…

A study of the set N_p of positive integers which occur as orders of nonsingular derivations of finite-dimensional non-nilpotent Lie algebras of characteristic p>0 was initiated by Shalev and continued by the present author. The main goal…