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Beginning with the Everett-DeWitt many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics, there have been a series of proposals for how the state vector of a quantum system might split at any instant into orthogonal branches, each of which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-02 Don Weingarten

An algebraic formalism for description of quantum states of charged particle with spin moving in two-dimensional space under influence of singular magnetic field is developed in terms of graded algebras. The fundamental assumption is that…

q-alg · Mathematics 2009-10-30 Wladyslaw Marcinek

The mathematical description of stable particle-like systems appearing in relativistic quantum field theory at large, respectively small scales or non-zero temperatures is discussed.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Detlev Buchholz

A unified conceptual foundation of classical and quantum physics is given, free of undefined terms. Ensembles are defined by extending the `probability via expectation' approach of Whittle to noncommuting quantities. This approach carries…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Arnold Neumaier

In this report we show that vacuum is a nonlinear optical medium and we discuss what are the optical phenomena that should exist in the framework of the standard model of particle physics. We pay special attention to the low energy limit.…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-12 Rémy Battesti , Carlo Rizzo

It is shown that quantum systems of identical particles can be treated as if they were different when they are in well differentiated states. This simplifying assumption allows the consideration of quantum systems isolated from the rest of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-12 Alberto C. de la Torre , Hector O. Martin

We quantise integrable point-particle systems with opposite-sign kinetic terms and nontrivial interactions. Using methods from separability theory, we show that previously determined classical stability conditions also imply discrete…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-29 Cédric Deffayet , Atabak Fathe Jalali , Aaron Held , Shinji Mukohyama , Alexander Vikman

The formalism of the particle dynamics in the space-time, where motion of free particles is primordially stochastic, is considered. The conventional dynamic formalism, obtained for the space-time, where the motion of free particles is…

General Physics · Physics 2011-03-21 Yuri A. Rylov

The gargantuan discrepancy between the value of the observed cosmological constant and that expected from the zero-point energy of known matter fields can be eliminated by supposing that on macroscopic scales the overwhelming majority of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Enrico Rodrigo

The possibility of a quantum system to exhibit properties that are akin to both the classically held notions of being a particle and a wave, is one of the most intriguing aspects of the quantum description of nature. These aspects have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-23 Sreetama Das , Indranil Chakrabarty , Arun Kumar Pati , Aditi Sen De , Ujjwal Sen

Spatially homogeneous universes can be described in (loop) quantum gravity as condensates of elementary excitations of space. Their treatment is easiest in the second-quantised group field theory formalism which allows the adaptation of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-07-24 Steffen Gielen

Where did elementary particles come from? What mechanisms are responsible for their occurrence and maintenance? Are they compound or truly elementary? Is vacuum primordial soup where elementary particles are born? Are quantum behavior and…

General Physics · Physics 2024-01-17 Vladimir A. Manasson

A diverse set of observations now compellingly suggest that Universe possesses a nonzero cosmological constant. In the context of quantum-field theory a cosmological constant corresponds to the energy density of the vacuum, and the wanted…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Lawrence M. Krauss , Michael S. Turner

A model for the localized quantum vacuum is proposed in which the zero-point energy of the quantum electromagnetic field originates in energy- and momentum-conserving transitions of material systems from their ground state to an unstable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Daniela Dragoman

Inhomogeneous quantum cosmology is modeled as a dynamical system of discrete patches, whose interacting many-body equations can be mapped to a non-linear minisuperspace equation by methods analogous to Bose-Einstein condensation.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-12-18 Martin Bojowald , Alexander L. Chinchilli , Christine C. Dantas , Matthew Jaffe , David Simpson

We explicitly compute the dynamics of closed homogeneous and isotropic universes permeated by a single perfect fluid with a constant equation of state parameter $w$ in the context of a recent reformulation of general relativity, proposed in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-06 P. P. Avelino

Effective classicality of a property of a quantum system can be defined using redundancy of its record in the environment. This allows quantum physics to approximate the situation encountered in the classical world: The information about a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 W. H. Zurek

Normally, in mathematics and physics, only point particle systems, which are either finite or countable, are studied. We introduce new formal mathematical object called regular continuum system of point particles (with continuum number of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-12-30 V. N. Chubarikov , A. A. Lykov , V. A. Malyshev

In this paper we study a new symmetry argument that results in a vacuum state with strictly vanishing vacuum energy. This argument exploits the well-known feature that de Sitter and Anti- de Sitter space are related by analytic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Gerard 't Hooft , Stefan Nobbenhuis

Consider an arbitrary local quantum field theory with a gap or an arbitrary gapless free theory. We consider states in such a theory, that describe two entangled particles localized in disjoint regions of space. We show that in such a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-13 Swapnamay Mondal