English

Quantum cosmology of (loop) quantum gravity condensates: An example

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2014-07-24 v3 Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Theory

Abstract

Spatially homogeneous universes can be described in (loop) quantum gravity as condensates of elementary excitations of space. Their treatment is easiest in the second-quantised group field theory formalism which allows the adaptation of techniques from the description of Bose-Einstein condensates in condensed matter physics. Dynamical equations for the states can be derived directly from the underlying quantum gravity dynamics. The analogue of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation defines an anisotropic quantum cosmology model, in which the condensate wavefunction becomes a quantum cosmology wavefunction on minisuperspace. To illustrate this general formalism, we give a mapping of the gauge-invariant geometric data for a tetrahedron to a minisuperspace of homogeneous anisotropic 3-metrics. We then study an example for which we give the resulting quantum cosmology model in the general anisotropic case and derive the general analytical solution for isotropic universes. We discuss the interpretation of these solutions. We suggest that the WKB approximation used in previous studies, corresponding to semiclassical fundamental degrees of freedom of quantum geometry, should be replaced by a notion of semiclassicality that refers to large-scale observables instead.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1404.2944,
  title  = {Quantum cosmology of (loop) quantum gravity condensates: An example},
  author = {Steffen Gielen},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1404.2944},
  year   = {2014}
}

Comments

22 pages, IOP style; v2: revised discussion of explicit solutions in section 4, minor changes in the rest, main conclusions are unchanged; v3: expanded discussion, minor changes to match published version

R2 v1 2026-06-22T03:48:19.243Z