Related papers: False Vacuum Decay Induced by Particle Collisions
We carried out a study of the properties of the $\lambda \phi^4$ field solutions. By constructing Gaussian wave packets to calculate the $S$ matrix, we show that the probability of the vacuum unbroken state transfers to the broken state is…
Based on experimental data, we propose a model to evaluate the energy dissipated during quantum tunneling processes in solid-state junctions. This model incorporates a nonlinear friction force expressed in the general form f(x)={\gamma}…
We present a general numerical method for computing precisely the false vacuum decay rate, including the prefactor due to quantum fluctuations about the classical bounce solution, in a self-interacting scalar field theory modeling the…
Membrane nucleation, a higher dimensional analog of the Schwinger effect, is a useful toy model for vacuum decay. While a non-perturbative effect, the computation of nucleation rates has only been accomplished at weak coupling in the field…
We briefly review false-vacuum decay and examine a recent proposal by Frampton to model the origin of the first single-celled organism (SCO) as a phase transition between no-life and life vacua. In his calculation the exponent $n$ entering…
The kinetics of irreversible annihilation of charged particles performing overdamped motion induced by long-range interaction force, $F(r)\sim r^{-\lambda}$, is investigated. The system exhibits rich kinetic behaviors depending on the force…
We study dephasing in electron transport through a large quantum dot (a Fabry-Perot interferometer) in the fractional quantum Hall regime with filling factor $2/3$. In the regime of sequential tunneling, dephasing occurs due to electron…
At low temperature T we expect vacuum tunneling processes to occur in superfluid $^{4}$ He films. We distinguish between extrinsic processes, in which single vortices nucleate by tunneling off boundaries in the system, and intrinsic…
In the study of quantum vacuum energy and the Casimir effect, it is desirable to model the conductor by a potential of the form $V(z)=z^\alpha$. This "soft wall" model was proposed so as to avoid the violation of the principle of virtual…
In the thin-wall approximation, the decay of a gravitating false vacuum to a lower-energy state is affected by the cosmological horizon structure in both spaces. The nucleation radius of a bubble of true vacuum depends on the surface…
The metastable dark energy scenario is revisited by assuming that the current false vacuum energy density is the remnant from a primeval inflationary stage. The zero temperature scalar field potential is here described by an even power…
We present a systematic framework for calculating the vacuum decay rate in D-dimensional electroweak theories, providing a unified treatment of quantum fluctuations for scalar, fermion, and gauge boson fields via a combined WKB expansion…
A method to determine the quantum state of a scalar field after $O(4)$-symmetric bubble nucleation has been developed recently. The method has an advantage that it concisely gives us a clear picture of the resultant quantum state. In…
With the standard system for an SU(2) Higgs field in M_4 X S_1, the top and bottom component of the Higgs spinor have exactly the same coeficients for the quadratic and quadric terms. This makes the vacuum degenerate and thus there are no…
We investigate to which extent and under which circumstances false vacuum energy ($V_0$) dominated slow-roll inflation is compatible with a large tensor-to-scalar ratio $r = O(0.1)$, as indicated by the recent BICEP2 measurement. With $V_0$…
The transition form factors of (D_s -> f_0 l nu), (D -> f_0 l nu) and (B_u -> f_0 l nu) decays are calculated in 3-point QCD sum rule method, assuming that "f_0" is a quark-antiquark state with a mixture of strange and light quarks. The…
The vacuum decay in a de Sitter universe is studied within semiclassical approximation for the class of effective inflaton potentials whose curvature at the top is close to a critical value. By comparing the actions of the Hawking - Moss…
Phase transition of decay rate from quantum tunneling to thermal activity regimes is investigated in (3+1)-dimensional field theories with symmetry breaking term $f\phi$. By applying the two independent criteria for the sharp first-order…
The framed standard model (FSM), constructed to explain the empirical mass and mixing patterns of quarks and leptons, gives the same result as the standard model in almost all areas in particle physics where it has been successfully…
The tunneling probability for a system modelling macroscopic quantum tunneling is computed. We consider an open quantum system with one degree of freedom consisting of a particle trapped in a cubic potential interacting with an environment…