Related papers: Defect-Antidefect pair production via field oscill…
We analyze the evolution of scalar and gauge fields during first order phase transitions and show how the Kibble mechanism for the formation of topological defects emerges from the underlying dynamics, paying particular attention to…
We propose a field theoretical model that exhibits spontaneous breaking of the rotational symmetry. The model has a two-dimensional sphere as extra dimensions of the space-time and consists of a complex scalar field and a background gauge…
We show that in field systems with U(1)-symmetry, first-order transitions are nucleated by vortex lines, not bubbles, thus calling for a reinvestigation of the Kibble mechanism for the phase transition of the early universe.
We construct an artificial U(1) gauge field in the cold atom system to form a monopole along with vortices. It is supposed that the cold atoms are confined on a spherical surface, and two sets of identical laser beams in the opposite…
The production of particle-antiparticle pairs from the quantum field theoretic ground state in the presence of an external electric field is studied. Starting with the quantum kinetic Boltzmann-Vlasov equation in four-dimensional spacetime,…
We report the first large scale numerical study of the dynamics of the second order phase transition of a U(1) $\lambda \phi^4$ theory in three spatial dimensions. The transition is induced by a time-dependent temperature drop in the heat…
We consider induced topological transitions in a wire made from cylindrical superconducting film. During a transition, a pulse of electric current causes transport of a virtual vortex-antivortex pair around the cylinder. We consider both…
We formulate models of complex scalar fields in the space-time that has a two-dimensional sphere as extra dimensions. The Dirac-Wu-Yang monopole is set in two-sphere S^2 as a background gauge field. The nontrivial topology of the monopole…
The pair creation of black holes with event horizons of non-trivial topology is described. The spacetimes are all limiting cases of the cosmological $C$ metric. They are generalizations of the $(2+1)$ dimensional black hole and have…
Vortex pattern formation in electron-positron pair creation from vacuum by a time-dependent electric field of linear polarization is analyzed. It is demonstrated that in such scenario the momentum distributions of created particles exhibit…
The formation of vortex loops (global cosmic strings) in an O(2) linear sigma model in three spatial dimensions is analyzed numerically. For over-damped Langevin dynamics we find that defect production is suppressed by an interaction…
Using a toy model Lagrangian we investigate the formation of vortices in first order phase transitions. The evolution and interactions of vacuum bubbles are also studied using both analytical approximations and a numerical simulation of…
We present a simple mechanism to produce vortices at any desired spatial locations in harmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) with multicomponent spin states coupled to external transverse and axial magnetic fields. The…
The pair production of scalar particles in electromagnetic background fields is analyzed using real proper time formulation of 1-loop effective action. After explaining how real proper time formulation keeps unitarity of the particle…
We employ the recently developed worldline numerics, which combines string-inspired field theory methods with Monte-Carlo techniques, to develop an algorithm for the computation of pair-production rates in scalar QED for inhomogeneous…
We investigate vortex-antivortex pair creation in a supersonically expanding and contracting quasi-2D Bose-Einstein condensate at zero temperature. For sufficiently large amplitude condensate oscillations, pair production provides the…
In cosmological first-order phase transitions, the progress of true-vacuum bubbles is expected to be significantly retarded by the interaction between the bubble wall and the hot plasma. It has been claimed that this leads to a significant…
Using group theory arguments and numerical simulations, we demonstrate the possibility of changing the vorticity or topological charge of an individual vortex by means of the action of a system possessing a discrete rotational symmetry of…
We study how a general steady configuration of finitely-many point vortices, with Newtonian interaction or generalized surface quasi-geostrophic interactions, can be desingularized into a steady configuration of vortex patches. The…
It has been conjectured that the vortex solution on a D-brane - anti-D-brane system represents a D-brane of two lower dimension. We establish this result by first identifying a series of marginal deformations which create the vortex -…