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The different couplings of the dilaton to the U(1) gauge field of heterotic and Type I superstrings may leave an imprint on the relics of the very early cosmological evolution. Working in the context of the pre-big bang scenario, we discuss…
Using a generally covariant Electro-Vortic (magnetofluid) formalism for relativistic plasmas, the dynamical evolution of a generalized vorticity (a combination of the magnetic and kinematic parts) is studied in a cosmological context. We…
The universe is magnetized on all scales probed so far. On the largest scales, galaxies and galaxy clusters host magnetic fields at the micro Gauss level coherent on scales up to ten kpc. Recent observational evidence suggests that even the…
This paper examines the generation of seed magnetic fields due to the growth of cosmological perturbations. In the radiation era, different rates of scattering from photons induce local differences in the ion and electron density and…
The influence on cosmic string dynamics of fermionic massive bound states propagating in the vortex, and getting their mass only from coupling to the string forming Higgs field, is studied. Such massive fermionic currents are numerically…
We investigate the cosmological consequences of particle physics theories that admit stable loops of current-carrying string - vortons. In particular, we consider chiral theories where a single fermion zero mode is excited in the string…
A qualitative discussion of possible features of a composite graviton arising out of open string field theory is provided along with expected modifications to the graviton propagator due to such a composite graviton model. Possible…
The region of moduli space of string theories which is most likely to describe the "real world" is where the string coupling is about unity and the volume of extra compact dimensions is about the same size as the string volume. Here we map…
We investigate the possibility that electromagnetic fluctuations are amplified in expanding universe by parametric resonance, during the oscillatory regime of a scalar field to which they are coupled. We consider scalar electrodynamics and…
The existence of a scaling network of current-carrying cosmic strings in our Universe is expected to continuously create loops endowed with a conserved current during the cosmological expansion. These loops radiate gravitational waves and…
Recent developments in string theory suggest that cosmic strings could be formed at the end of brane inflation. Supergravity provides a realistic model to study the properties of strings arising in brane inflation. Whilst the properties of…
Cosmology, high-energy physics and astrophysics are converging on the study of large-scale magnetic fields. While the experimental evidence for the existence of large-scale magnetization in galaxies, clusters and superclusters is rather…
Superconducting cosmic string may admit shock-like discontinuities of the current when the latter is spacelike ("magnetic" regime), while no shock at timelike current ("electric" regime) was discovered in numerical simulations. We find that…
A Bianchi type-VI cosmological model in the presence of a magnetic flux together with a cloud of cosmic strings is considered. In general, the presence of a magnetic field imposes severe restrictions regarding the consistency of the field…
We discuss the evolution of cosmological magnetic fields from the early universe to the present. We review different scenarios for magnetogenesis in the early universe and follow the subsequent evolution of these fields as the universe…
A brief discussion is presented assessing the achievements and challenges of string phenomenology: the subfield dedicated to study the potential for string theory to make contact with particle physics and cosmology. Building from the well…
We provide a thorough exposition of recent results on the quantum stabilization of cosmic strings. Stabilization occurs through the coupling to a heavy fermion doublet in a reduced version of the standard model. The study combines the…
Cosmic strings are predicted in various extensions of the Standard Model, including grand unified theories. Depending on the symmetry-breaking pattern, they can be either topologically stable or metastable. Intriguingly, metastable strings…
The mystery of the cosmological constant is probably the most pressing obstacle to significantly improving the models of elementary particle physics derived from string theory. The problem arises because in the standard framework of low…
We present a critical review and summary of String Gas Cosmology. We include a pedagogical derivation of the effective action starting from string theory, emphasizing the necessary approximations that must be invoked. Working in the…