Related papers: Q-ball Instability due to U(1) Breaking
We investigate that the two types of the Q balls explain the baryon asymmetry and the dark matter of the universe in the gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking. The gauge-mediation type Q balls of one flat direction produce baryon asymmetry,…
Non-topological gauged soliton solutions called Q-balls arise in many scalar field theories that are invariant under a U(1) gauge symmetry. The related, but qualitatively distinct, Q-shell solitons have only been shown to exist for special…
We investigate the dynamics of $U(1)$ gauged Q-balls using fully three-dimensional numerical simulations. We consider two different scenarios: first, the classical stability of gauged Q-balls with respect to generic three-dimensional…
We show that, in the thin-wall regime, $Q$-ball--anti-$Q$-ball collisions reveal chaotic behaviour. This is explained by the resonant energy transfer mechanism triggered by the internal modes hosted by the $Q$-balls and by the existence of…
We consider gauged Q-balls in the gravity-mediation-type model in the Affleck-Dine mechanism, which is described by the potential $V_{\rm grav.}(\phi):=(m_{\rm grav.}^2/2)\phi^2\left[1+K\ln(\phi/M)^2\right]$ with $K<0$. In many models of…
We find that there exists a soliton-like solution ``I-ball'' in theories of a real scalar field if the scalar potential satisfies appropriate conditions. Although the I-ball does not have any topological or global U(1) charges, its…
Scalar field theories with particular U(1)-symmetric potentials contain non-topological soliton solutions called Q-balls. Promoting the U(1) to a gauge symmetry leads to the more complicated situation of gauged Q-balls. The soliton…
Affleck-Dine (AD) baryogenesis along a d=6 flat direction in gauge-mediated supersymmetry-breaking (GMSB) models can produce unstable Q-balls which naturally have field strength similar to the messenger scale. In this case a new kind of…
Q-balls are large bound-state systems of scalar particles, described classically through localized solutions of the equations of motion. Promoting the required stabilizing $U(1)$ symmetry to a gauge symmetry leads to gauged Q-balls, which…
As analogues of compact objects, solitons have attracted significant attention. We reveal that cylindrical Q-strings exhibit a dynamical instability to perturbations with wavelengths exceeding a threshold $\lambda>\lambda_{c}$. This…
We use numerical simulations and semi-analytical methods to investigate the stability and the interactions of nontopological stationary qball solutions. In the context of a simple model we map the parameter sectors of stability for a single…
We numerically study the Q-ball formation triggered by a cosmological first-order phase transition within the Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin model. By performing lattice simulations, we track the nonequilibrium dynamics throughout the transition,…
We investigate whether the Affleck-Dine mechanism can produce sufficient baryon number of the universe in the gauge-mediated SUSY breaking models, while evading the cosmological moduli problem by late-time entropy production. We find that…
We study dynamics of flat directions in the minimal supersymmetric standard model taking account of its constituent fields. It is found that there exist new instabilities due to the D-term potential and the nature of these instabilities…
Solitonic scalar field configurations are studied in a theory coupled to gravity. It is found that non-topological solitons, Q-balls, are present in the theory. Properties of gravitationally self coupled Q-balls are studied by analytical…
If a real scalar field is dominated by non-relativistic modes, then it approximately conserves its particle number and obeys an equation that governs a complex scalar field theory with a conserved global U(1) symmetry. From this fact, it is…
We discuss various scattering properties of non-topological solitons, Q-balls, on potential obstructions in (1+1) and (2+1) dimensions. These obstructions, barriers and holes, are inserted into the potential of the theory via the coupling…
In this paper, we continue discussing Q-balls in the Wick--Cutkosky model. Despite Q-balls in this model are composed of two scalar fields, they turn out to be very useful and illustrative for examining various important properties of…
In the present work we investigate the existence and stability properties of q-balls which consist of a couple of scalar fields, forming an SU(2) doublet in a Lagrangian with a global SU(2) symmetry. We find that these spinors can form a…
This paper is concerned with the dynamics and interactions of Q-balls in (1+1)-dimensions. The asymptotic force between well-separated Q-balls is calculated to show that Q-balls can be attractive or repulsive depending upon their relative…