Related papers: Why quarks cannot be fundamental particles
By means of a general classification of the different kinds of matter of nature form a chain from the world of the subatomic particles to the large bodies of the universe, the galaxies. Then, it proposes a new baryonic force for the…
Assuming existence of (very) heavy fourth generation of quarks and antiquarks we argue that antibaryon composed of the three heavy antiquarks can be light, stable and invisible, hence a good candidate for the Dark matter particle. Such…
We show that color confinement is a direct result of the nonabelian, i.e. nonlinear, nature of the color interaction in quantum chromodynamics. This makes it in general impossible to describe the color field as a collection of elementary…
A reconciliation of gravitation and electromagnetism has eluded physics for neearly a century. It is argued here that this is because both quantum physics and classical physics are set in differentiable space time manifolds with point…
After a brief introduction to the necessary of quark stars in modelling pulsars, I present a qualitative analysis of the solidification of quark matter with low-temperature but high-density. The reason, that a solid neutron star could not…
Extension of particle symmetry implies new conserved charges and the lightest particles, possessing such charges, should be stable. Created in early Universe, stable charged heavy leptons and quarks can exist and, hidden in elusive atoms…
Are neutrinos their own antiparticles? We explain why they very well might be. Then, after highlighting the fact that, to determine experimentally whether they are or not, one must overcome the smallness of neutrino masses, we discuss the…
Quarks, leptons and heavy vector bosons are suggested to be composed of stable spin-1/2 preons, existing in three flavours, combined according to simple rules. Straightforward consequences of an SU(3) preon-flavour symmetry are the…
Previous results from the authors concerning the arising a tiny photon anomalous paramagnetic moment $\mu_{\gamma}$ due to its interaction with a magnetized virtual electron-positron background are complemented and discussed. It is argued…
Fundamental particles, regarded as the constituents of quarks and leptons, are described classicaly in the framework of the Weyl-Dirac version of Wesson's Induced Matter Theory. There are neutral particles and particles having charge…
We challenge the traditional wisdom that cosmological (big bang relic) neutrinos can only be hot Dark Matter. We provide a critical review of the concepts, derivations and arguments in foundational books and recent publications that led…
The properties of elementary particles and their interactions at different stages of the evolution of the Universe, starting with the Planck energy $ 10 ^{19} $ GeV, are presented. We assume that the Standard Model gauge group becomes…
This paper gives a thorough critique of the foundations of quantum physics in its mainstream interpretation (i.e., treating pure states as primitives, without reference to hidden variables, and without modifications of the quantum laws).…
The hypothesis that cold dark matter consists of primordial superheavy particles, the decay of short lifetime component of which led to the observable mass of matter while long living component survived up to modern times manifesting its…
The nonbaryonic dark matter of the Universe can consist of new stable charged leptons and quarks, if they are hidden in elusive "dark atoms" of composite dark matter. Such possibility can be compatible with the severe constraints on…
It is argued that the three families of quarks and leptons are the building blocks of all matter and all forces (leaving out gravity) among them are mediated by photons ($\gamma$), the weak bosons ($W^\pm$ and $Z$) and the gluons.
The idea that particles are the basic constituents of all matter dates back to ancient times and formed the basis of physical thought well into modern times. The debate about whether light was a wave or a stream of particles also lasted…
Recent cosmological observations, such as the measurement of the primordial 4He abundance, CMB, and large scale structure, give preference to the existence of extra radiation component, Delta N_nu > 0. The extra radiation may be accounted…
It was recently claimed that the observed physical neutrinos cannot be of Majorana type because such particles lack vector interactions. Contrary to this claim we show that if the Majorana neutrino is massless it is indistinguishable from…
A kaon decaying into three pions is an example of a weak process. However, since the quarks are confined into mesons, the strong interaction also plays an important part. The reaction is a low-energy one, meaning that it takes place in the…