Related papers: Confinement from Instantons or Merons
We consider heterotic string compactifications to four dimensions when instantons shrink to zero size. If the standard model gauge group originates from the new gauge symmetry associated with the small instantons singularity, then the…
This letter is about confinement in QCD. At the moment we have pictures of confinement to complete our understanding of the physics of strongly interacting particles, interaction which asks for confinement. As it is said in [1] : " In…
We propose a method for measuring the string tension in gauge theories, by considering an interference effect of mesons, which is governed by a space-time area law, due to confinement. Although it is only a gedanken experiment for real…
The interaction between static quarks is derived by applying many-body techniques to QCD in Coulomb gauge. The result is shown to be exact in the IR and UV limits, and agrees remarkably well with lattice computations.
We observe that the linear potential used as a leading approximation for describing color confinement in the instant form of dynamics corresponds to a quadratic confining potential in the front form of dynamics. In particular, the…
Ensembles of magnetic defects represent quantum variables that have been detected and extensively explored in lattice ${\rm SU}(N)$ pure Yang-Mills theory. They successfully explain many properties of confinement and are strongly believed…
We propose a hypothesis that all gauge theories are equivalent to a certain non-standard string theory. Different gauge groups are accounted for by weights ascribed to the world sheets of different topologies. The hypothesis is checked in…
The large N limit of SU(N) gauge theories in 3+1 dimensions is investigated on the lattice by extrapolating results obtained for $2 \le N \le 5$. A numerical determination of the masses of the lowest-lying glueball states and of the…
Attempts to improve LGT simulation algorithms by Fourier space preconditioning have been handicapped by the gauge dependence of momenta, familiar from perturbation theory. The continuum theory has a gauge invariant energy-momentum density,…
Effective string theory has shown its universal power in the prediction of the spectrum of low-lying excited states of confining strings. Here we study confining flux tubes in $\mathbb{Z}_N$ gauge theories. For the $N=2$ theory, which…
Confinement is a prominent phenomenon in condensed matter and high-energy physics that has recently become the focus of quantum-simulation experiments of lattice gauge theories (LGTs). As such, a theoretical understanding of the effect of…
In gauge theories with continuous groups there exist classical solutions whose energy vanishes in the thermodynamic limit (in any dimension). The existence of these super-instantons is intimately related to the fact that even at short…
The influence of nonperturbative fields on instantons in quantum chromodynamics is studied. Nonperturbative vacuum is described in terms of nonlocal gauge invariant vacuum averages of gluon field strength.Effective action for instanton is…
The basic properties of the confinement mechanism in QCD -- the temperature dependence of the spatial and temporal string tensions ($\sigma_s(T)$ and $\sigma_E(T)$) -- are studied in the framework of the Field Correlator Method (FCM). It is…
We consider heterotic string theories compactified on a K3 surface which lead to an unbroken perturbative gauge group of Spin(32)/Z2. All solutions obtained are combinations of two types of point-like instanton --- one ``simple type'' as…
We propose a new approach towards the understanding of confinement. Starting from an anisotropic five dimensional pure gauge theory, we approach a second order phase transition where the system reduces dimensionally. Dimensional reduction…
We show that heavy fermions decouple from the low energy physics also in non-perturbative instanton effects. Provided the heavy fermions are lighter than the symmetry breaking scale, all the instanton effects should be expressed as local…
A common approach while considering confinement is to study the dominance of an Abelian subgroup of the SU(3) gauge Links. A good way to find the Abelian component of the field is through the Cho-Guan-De gauge invariant Abelian…
We study the role of percolating clusters of center vortices in configurations of an Ising gauge theory in 3D. It is known that low energy features of gauge theories can be described in terms of an ``effective string picture'', and that…
The effective string describing the large distance behaviour of the quark sources of gauge field theories in the confining phase in D=3 or D=4 space-time dimensions can be formulated, in the infrared limit, as a suitable 2D conformal field…