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Handwritten fonts have a distinct expressive character, but they are often difficult to read due to unclear or inconsistent handwriting. FontFusionGAN (FFGAN) is a novel method for improving handwritten fonts by combining them with printed…
Printed text recognition is an important problem for industrial OCR systems. Printed text is constructed in a standard procedural fashion in most settings. We develop a mathematical model for this process that can be applied to the backward…
This paper explores the possibility of enriching the content of existing ontologies. The overall goal is to overcome the lack of topical links among concepts in WordNet. Each concept is to be associated to a topic signature, i.e., a set of…
Indexed pattern search in text has been studied for many decades. For small alphabets, the FM-Index provides unmatched performance, in terms of both space required and search speed. For large alphabets -- for example, when the tokens are…
Technical documents contain a fair amount of unnatural language, such as tables, formulas, pseudo-codes, etc. Unnatural language can be an important factor of confusing existing NLP tools. This paper presents an effective method of…
In this paper, we present a toolbox for a specific optimization problem that frequently arises in bioinformatics or genomics. In this specific optimisation problem, the state space is a set of words of specified length over a finite…
Since the introduction of the Fortran programming language some 60 years ago, there has been little progress in making error messages more user-friendly. A first step in this direction is to translate them into the natural language of the…
It is proposed a new code for contours of plane images. This code was applied for optical character recognition of printed and handwritten characters. One can apply it to recognition of any visual images.
Counter automata are more powerful versions of finite-state automata where addition and subtraction operations are permitted on a set of n integer registers, called counters. We show that the word problem of $\Z^n$ is accepted by a…
Alternative Texts (Alt-Text) for chart images are essential for making graphics accessible to people with blindness and visual impairments. Traditionally, Alt-Text is manually written by authors but often encounters issues such as…
In this note we construct an explicit optimal (negative-weight) adversary matrix for the element distinctness problem, given that the size of the alphabet is sufficiently large.
Acronyms and abbreviations are the short-form of longer phrases and they are ubiquitously employed in various types of writing. Despite their usefulness to save space in writing and reader's time in reading, they also provide challenges for…
Over the past decade, we have designed six typefaces based on mathematical theorems and open problems, specifically computational geometry. These typefaces expose the general public in a unique way to intriguing results and hard problems in…
Considering a 2D matrix of positive and negative numbers, how might one draw a rectangle within it whose contents sum higher than all other rectangles'? This fundamental problem, commonly known the maximum rectangle problem or subwindow…
We propose a system for marking sensitive or copyrighted texts to detect their use in fine-tuning large language models under black-box access with statistical guarantees. Our method builds digital ``marks'' using invisible Unicode…
Interactive proof assistants make it possible for ordinary mathematicians to write definitions and theorems in a formal proof language, like a programming language, so that a computer can parse them and check them against the rules of a…
Text-to-image (T2I) models have raised increasing safety concerns due to their capacity to generate NSFW and other banned objects. To mitigate these risks, safety filters and concept removal techniques have been introduced to block…
This paper shows that, modern word embeddings contain information that distinguishes synonyms and antonyms despite small cosine similarities between corresponding vectors. This information is encoded in the geometry of the embeddings and…
In this paper, I describe several approaches to automatic or semi-automatic development of symbolic rules for grammar checkers from the information contained in corpora. The rules obtained this way are an important addition to…
The ambition of a character recognition system is to transform a text document typed on paper into a digital format that can be manipulated by word processor software Unlike other languages, Arabic has unique features, while other language…