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The Einstein and Maxwell equations are both systems of hyperbolic equations which need to satisfy a set of elliptic constraints throughout evolution. However, while electrodynamics (EM) and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) have benefited from a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-29 H. Olivares , I. M. Peshkov , E. R. Most , F. M. Guercilena , L. J. Papenfort

We quantized the full Einstein equations in a globally hyperbolic spacetime $N=N^{n+1}$, $n\ge 3$, and found solutions of the resulting hyperbolic equation in a fiber bundle $E$ which can be expressed as a product of spatial eigenfunctions…

General Physics · Physics 2023-08-28 Claus Gerhardt

By employing the Bianchi identities for the Riemann tensor in conjunction with the Einstein equations, we construct a first order symmetric hyperbolic system for the evolution part of the Cauchy problem of general relativity. In this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-08-27 Arlen Anderson , Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat , James W. York,

We discuss a successful three-dimensional cartesian implementation of the Bona-Mass\'o hyperbolic formulation of the 3+1 Einstein evolution equations in numerical relativity. The numerical code, which we call ``Cactus,'' provides a general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Carles Bona , Joan Masso , Edward Seidel , Paul Walker

A mathematically interesting hyperbolic solution to the Einstein field equations is studied on an eight-dimensional pseudo-Riemannian manifold $\mathbb{X}_{4,4}$ that is a spacetime of four space dimensions and four time dimensions. [The…

General Physics · Physics 2015-04-15 Patrick Lee Nash

A formulation of Einstein equations is presented that could yield advantages in the study of collisions of binary compact objects during regimes between linear-nonlinear transitions. The key idea behind this formulation is a separation of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Pablo Laguna

The effectiveness of the hyperbolic relaxation method for solving the Einstein constraint equations numerically is studied here on a variety of compact orientable three-manifolds. Convergent numerical solutions are found using this method…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-05 Fan Zhang , Lee Lindblom

We study the properties of a modified version of the Bona-Masso family of hyperbolic slicing conditions. This modified slicing condition has two very important features: In the first place, it guarantees that if a spacetime is static or…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Miguel Alcubierre , Alejandro Corichi , Jose A. Gonzalez , Dario Nunez , Marcelo Salgado

The integration of the Einstein equations split into the solution of constraints on an initial space like 3 - manifold, an essentially elliptic system, and a system which will describe the dynamical evolution, modulo a choice of gauge. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat

We find a choice of variables for the 3+1 formulation of general relativity which casts the evolution equations into (flux-conservative) symmetric-hyperbolic first order form for arbitrary lapse and shift, for the first time. We redefine…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Simonetta Frittelli , Oscar Reula

We consider $n+1$ dimensional smooth Riemannian and Lorentzian spaces satisfying Einstein's equations. The base manifold is assumed to be smoothly foliated by a one-parameter family of hypersurfaces. In both cases---likewise it is usually…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-19 István Rácz

We show that the 3+1 vacuum Einstein field equations in Ashtekar's variables constitutes a first order symmetric hyperbolic system for arbitrary but fixed lapse and shift fields, by suitable adding to the system terms proportional to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 Mirta S. Iriondo , Enzo O. Leguizamón , Oscar A. Reula

We show that well-posed, conformally-decomposed formulations of the 3+1 Einstein equations can be obtained by densitizing the lapse and by combining the constraints with the evolution equations. We compute the characteristics structure and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Simonetta Frittelli , Oscar A. Reula

We investigate how the accuracy and stability of numerical relativity simulations of 1D colliding plane waves depends on choices of equation formulations, gauge conditions, boundary conditions, and numerical methods, all in the context of a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 J. M. Bardeen , L. T. Buchman

This work concerns a new reformulation of quantum geometrodynamics, which allows to overcome a fundamental ambiguity contained in the canonical approach to quantum gravity: the possibility of performing a (3+1)-slicing of space-time, when…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-11 Simone Mercuri , Giovanni Montani

Strongly coupled gravitational systems describe Einstein gravity and matter in the limit that Newton's constant G is assumed to be very large. The nonlinear evolution of these systems may be solved analytically in the classical and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 D. S. Salopek

The $3+1$ formalism provides a structured approach to analyzing spacetime by separating it into spatial and temporal components. When applied to the Robertson-Walker metric, it simplifies the analysis of cosmological evolution by dividing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-30 Seokcheon Lee

This work presents a novel methodology for deriving stationary and axially symmetric solutions to Einstein field equations using the 1+3 tetrad formalism. This approach reformulates the Einstein equations into first order scalar equations,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-23 J. Ospino , J. L. Hernández-Pastora , A. V. Araujo-Salcedo , L. A. Núñez

The 2+1+1 decomposition of space-time is useful in monitoring the temporal evolution of gravitational perturbations/waves in space-times with a spatial direction singled-out by symmetries. Such an approach based on a perpendicular double…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-03 Cecília Gergely , Zoltán Keresztes , László Árpád Gergely

We propose a new formulation for 3+1 numerical relativity, based on a constrained scheme and a generalization of Dirac gauge to spherical coordinates. This is made possible thanks to the introduction of a flat 3-metric on the spatial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Bonazzola , E. Gourgoulhon , P. Grandclement , J. Novak