Related papers: Lightcone reference for total gravitational energy
An energy for the homogeneous cosmological models is presented. More specifically, using an appropriate natural prescription, we find the energy within any region with any gravitational source for a large class of gravity theories--namely…
The Hamiltonian for a gravitating region includes a boundary term which determines not only the quasi-local values but also, via the boundary variation principle, the boundary conditions. Using our covariant Hamiltonian formalism, we found…
We calculate ab initio the gravitational potential energy per unit area for a gravitationally coupled multi-component galactic disk of stars and gas, which is given as the integration over vertical density distribution, vertical…
The past lightcone of an observer in a cosmological spacetime is the unique geometric structure directly linked to observations. After general properties of the Hawking energy along slices of the past lightcone have previously been studied,…
The variation of the energy for a gravitational system is directly defined from the Hamiltonian field equations of General Relativity. When the variation of the energy is written in a covariant form it splits into two (covariant)…
Within the thermodynamic model of gravity the dark energy is identified with the energy of collective gravitational interactions of all particles in the universe, which is missing in the standard treatments. For the model-universe we…
The detailed calculations of the energy in the ghost-free massive gravity theory is presented. The energy is defined in the standard way within the canonical approach, but to evaluate it requires resolving the Hamiltonian constraints, which…
The idea that the universe has zero total energy when one includes the contribution from the gravitational field is reconsidered. A Hamiltonian is proposed as an energy for the exact equations of FRW cosmology: it is then shown that this…
A proposal for the gravitational energy-momentum tensor, known in the literature as the square root of Bel-Robinson tensor, is analyzed in detail. Being constructed exclusively from the Weyl part of the Riemann tensor, such tensor…
Beginning from the standard Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) formulation of general relativity we construct a tentative model of quantum gravity from the point of view of an observer with constant proper acceleration, just outside of a horizon…
A finite action principle for Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet AdS gravity is presented. The boundary term, which is different for even and odd dimensions, is a functional of the boundary metric, intrinsic curvature and extrinsic curvature. For even…
We construct the gravitational energy-momentum tensor in general relativity through the Noether theorem. In particular, we explicitly demonstrate that the constructed quantity can vary as a tensor under the general coordinate…
The 4-index energy-momentum tensors for gravitation and matter are analyzed on the basis of new equations for the gravitational field with the Riemann tensor. Some properties of the such defined gravitational energy are discussed.
It is shown how the well-known formula for the gravitational energy of self-gravitating regular polytropes of finite mass can be obtained in an elementary way by using Gauss's divergence theorem and the Chandrasekhar virial tensor, without…
An `effective' quasi-local energy expression, motivated by the (relativistically corrected) Newtonian theory, is introduced in exact GR as the volume integral of all the source terms in the field equation for the Newtonian potential in…
A stress-energy tensor for linear gravity adapted to the harmonic gauge was recently proposed by Butcher, Hobson and Lasenby. By removing gauge constraints and imposing full metrical GR, we find a natural generalisation to the pseudotensor…
We investigate the energy of a theory with a unit vector field (the "aether") coupled to gravity. Both the Weinberg and Einstein type energy-momentum pseudotensors are employed. In the linearized theory we find expressions for the energy…
In the Hamiltonian formulation of General Relativity the energy associated to an asymptotically flat space-time with metric $g_{\mu\nu}$ is related to the Hamiltonian $H_{GR}$ by $E=H_{GR}[g_{\mu\nu}]-H_{\rm GR}[\eta_{\mu\nu}]$, where the…
Einstein, when he began working on the general theory of relativity, believed that energy of any kind is the source of the gravitational field. Therefore, the energy of gravity, like any energy, must be the source of the field. It was…
The usual approaches to the definition of energy give an ambiguous result for the energy of fields in the radiating regime. We show that for a massless scalar field in Minkowski space-time the definition may be rendered unambiguous by…