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Related papers: Energy Theorem for 2+1 dimensional gravity

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We establish the positive energy theorem and a Penrose-type inequality for 3-dimensional asymptotically hyperboloidal initial data sets with toroidal infinity, weakly trapped boundary, and satisfying the dominant energy condition. In the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2022-10-05 Aghil Alaee , Pei-Ken Hung , Marcus Khuri

The energy of gravitating systems has been an issue since Einstein proposed general relativity: considered to be ill defined, having no proper local density. Energy-momentum is now regarded as \emph{quasi-local} (associated with a closed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-15 Chiang-Mei Chen , Jian-Liang Liu , James M. Nester

We prove the spacetime positive mass theorem in dimensions less than eight. This theorem states that for any asymptotically flat initial data set satisfying the dominant energy condition, the ADM energy-momentum vector $(E,P)$ of the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-12-24 Michael Eichmair , Lan-Hsuan Huang , Dan A. Lee , Richard Schoen

In order to explain weak gravitation in our 4-dimensional universe, a 6-dimensional model with a small extra 2D sphere is proposed. The traceless energy-momentum tensor is quite naturally appeared in our 6-dimensional model. The warp factor…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-11-23 Akira Kokado , Takesi Saito

We affirm the rigidity conjecture of the spacetime positive mass theorem in dimensions less than eight. Namely, if an asymptotically flat initial data set satisfies the dominant energy condition and has $E=|P|$, then $E=|P|=0$, where $(E,…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-11-27 Lan-Hsuan Huang , Dan A. Lee

We generalize the spacetime positive mass theorem to include multiple time dimensions. In particular, we show that the mass remains nonnegative in the sense that the energy $E$ is bounded from below by the trace norm of the linear momenta…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-10 Sven Hirsch , Alec Payne , Yiyue Zhang

We construct the conserved charge of generic gravity theories built on arbitrary contractions of the Riemann tensor (but not on its derivatives) for asymptotically (anti)-de Sitter spacetimes. Our construction is a generalization of the ADT…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-12-20 Cetin Senturk , Tahsin Cagri Sisman , Bayram Tekin

The Einstein$-$Cartan$-$Sciama$-$Kibble theory of gravity naturally extends general relativity to include quantum-mechanical, intrinsic angular momentum of matter by equipping spacetime with torsion. Using the Einstein energy$-$momentum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-26 Nikodem J. Popławski

In this work we investigate the behavior of two-dimensional (2D) cosmological models, starting with the Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) theory of gravitation. A geometrical term, non-linear in the scalar curvature $R$, is added to the JT dynamics to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 F. P. Devecchi , M. L. Froehlich

We compute the energy of 2+1 Minkowski space from a covariant action principle. Using Ashtekar and Varadarajan's characterization of 2+1 asymptotic flatness, we first show that the 2+1 Einstein-Hilbert action with Gibbons-Hawking boundary…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Donald Marolf , Leonardo Patiño

The problem of the energy-momentum conservation for matter in the gravitational field is discussed on the example of the effective gravity, which arises in superfluids. The "gravitational" field experienced by the relativistic-like massless…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 G. E. Volovik

We briefly review of the definitions of the total energy, the total linear momentum and the angular momentum of gravitational field when the cosmological constant is zero. In particular, we show pseudo-tensor's definition of the energy and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-29 Xiaoning Wu , Xiao Zhang

A theory where the gravitational, Maxwell and Dirac fields (mathematically represented as particular sections of a convenient Clifford bundle) are supposed fields in Faraday's sense living in Minkowski spacetime is presented. In our theory…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-01-22 Waldyr A. Rodrigues , Samuel Augusto Wainer

We use existence results for Jang's equation and marginally outer trapped surfaces (MOTSs) in 2+1 gravity to obtain nonexistence of geons in 2+1 gravity. In particular, our results show that any 2+1 initial data set, which obeys the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-18 Gregory J. Galloway , Kristen Schleich , Donald M. Witt

The energy density in Fulling-Rindler vacuum, which is known to be negative "everywhere" is shown to be positive and singular on the horizons in such a fashion as to guarantee the positivity of the total energy. The mechanism of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-06 Parentani Renaud

A definition of gravitational energy is proposed for any theory described by a diffeomorphism-invariant Lagrangian. The mathematical structure is a Noether- current construction of Wald involving the boundary term in the action, but here it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Sean A. Hayward

A new solution of the Einstein-Born-Infeld theory in 2+1 space-time is derived. A new solution has no horizon there are two singularity. This space-time has two singular points, however, one of the point at the origin is not in the physical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-02-14 Masashi Kuniyasu

Two distinct energy-momentum tensors of the theory of weak gravity and spinor quantum mechanics are analyzed with respect to their four-divergence and expectation values of energy. The first energy-momentum tensor is obtained by a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-24 Dalibor Javůrek

We consider homogeneous abelian vector fields in an expanding universe. We find a mechanical analogy in which the system behaves as a particle moving in three dimensions under the action of a central potential. In the case of bounded and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 J. A. R. Cembranos , C. Hallabrin , A. L. Maroto , S. J. Núñez Jareño

The positive mass theorem in general relativity states that in an asymptotically flat spacetime, if the momentum--energy tensor is divergence-free and satisfies a dominant energy condition, then a total momentum--energy four-vector can be…

General Physics · Physics 2021-11-17 Changbiao Wang