Related papers: Classification of spacelike surfaces in spacetime
When four-dimensional general relativity is embedded in an unconstrained man-ner in a fifth dimension, the physical quantities of spacetime can be interpreted as geometrical properties related to the extra dimension. It has become…
We classify complete biharmonic surfaces with parallel mean curvature vector field and non-negative Gaussian curvature in complex space forms.
We give simple criteria for the singularities appearing on surfaces codimension less than or equal to two. As applications, we give conditions for codimension two singularities that appear in ruled surfaces and center maps of surfaces in…
We review part of the classical theory of curves and surfaces in $3$-dimensional Lorentz-Minkowski space. We focus in spacelike surfaces with constant mean curvature pointing the differences and similarities with the Euclidean space.
We investigate proper biharmonic hypersurfaces with at most three distinct principal curvatures in space forms. We obtain the full classification of proper biharmonic hypersurfaces in 4-dimensional space forms.
The existence of closed trapped surfaces need not imply a cosmological singularity when the spatial hypersurfaces are compact. This is illustrated by a variety of examples, in particular de Sitter spacetime admits many closed trapped…
Local estimates of the maximal curvatures of admissible spacelike hypersurfaces in de Sitter space for k-symmetric curvature functions are obtained. They depend on interior and boundary data.
We study various classes of real hypersurfaces that are not embeddable into more special hypersurfaces in higher dimension, such as spheres, real algebraic compact strongly pseudoconvex hypersurfaces or compact pseudoconvex hypersurfaces of…
All hypersurface homogeneous locally rotationally symmetric spacetimes which admit conformal symmetries are determined and the symmetry vectors are given explicitly. It is shown that these spacetimes must be considered in two sets. One set…
We determine which connected surfaces can be partitioned into topological circles. There are exactly seven such surfaces up to homeomorphism: those of finite type, of Euler characteristic zero, and with compact boundary components. As a…
I start with a scenario where the universe is an abstract space $\mathcal{M}$ having $d$ dimensions. There is a two dimensional surface embedded in it. Embedding is a map from the embedded surface to $\mathcal{M}$ that has a field theory…
The symmetry classification method is applied to the string-like scalar fields in two-dimensional space-time. When the configurational space is three-dimensional and reducible we present the complete list of the systems admiting higher…
This chapter is an up-to-date account of results on globally hyperbolic spacetimes, and serves several purposes. We begin with the exposition of results from a foundational level, where the main tools are order theory and general topology,…
In this paper, we study three types of helicoidal surfaces in a Lorentzian n--space $\mathbb{E}^n_1$. First, we find the parametrizations of spacelike loxodromes on such spacelike helicoidal surfaces in $\mathbb{E}^n_1$. Then, we make a…
A conformal map from a Riemann surface to a Euclidean space of dimension greater than or equal to three is explained by using the Clifford algebra, in a similar fashion to quaternionic holomorphic geometry of surfaces in the Euclidean…
A spacelike surface S immersed in a 4-dimensional Lorentzian manifold will be said to be umbilical along a direction N normal to S if the second fundamental form along N is proportional to the first fundamental form of S. In particular, S…
We consider the space of embeddings of finitely many circles that bound disks in non-positively curved surfaces. We index the connected components of this space with finite rooted trees and show that the connected components are classifying…
Ternary real-valued quartics in $\mathbb{R}^3$ being invariant under octahedral symmetry are considered. The geometric classification of these surfaces is given. A new type of surfaces emerge from this classification.
Brane-Universe model embedded in 6-dimensional space-time with the signature (2+4) is considered. A matter is gravitationally trapped in three space dimensions, but both time-like directions are open. Choosing of the dimension and the…
We study Coble surfaces in characteristic 2, in particular, singularities of their canonical coverings. As an application we classify Coble surfaces with finite automorphism group in characteristic 2. There are exactly 9 types of such…