Related papers: Analytical formulas for gravitational lensing
We investigate imaging point sources with a monopole gravitational lens, such as the Solar Gravitational Lens in the geometric optics limit. We compute the light amplification of the lens used in conjunction with a telescope featuring a…
Assuming a static and spherically symmetric spacetime, we propose a novel concept of the total deflection angle of a light ray. The concept is defined by the difference between the sum of internal angles of two triangles; one of the…
If an extended source, such as a galaxy, is gravitationally lensed by a massive object in the foreground, the lensing distorts the observed image. It is straightforward to simulate what the observed image would be for a particular lens and…
We discuss a possible extension of calculations of the bending angle of light in a static, spherically symmetric and asymptotically flat spacetime to a non-asymptotically flat case. We examine a relation between the bending angle of light…
Continuing work initiated in an earlier publication [Ishihara, Suzuki, Ono, Kitamura, Asada, Phys. Rev. D {\bf 94}, 084015 (2016) ], we discuss a method of calculating the bending angle of light in a static, spherically symmetric and…
The Gibbons-Werner-Ono-Ishihara-Asada method for gravitational lensing in a stationary spacetime has been recently reexamined [Huang and Cao, arXiv:2306.04145], in which the gravitational deflection angle of light based on the Gauss-Bonnet…
The general expression of the angular distance between two point sources as measured by an arbitrary observer is given. The modelling presented here is rigorous, covariant and valid in any space-time. The sources of light may be located at…
A procedure avoiding any integration of the null geodesic equations is used to derive the direction of light propagation in a three-parameter family of static, spherically symmetric spacetimes within the post-post-Minkowskian approximation.…
Nowadays the geometric approach in optics is often used to find out media parameters based on propagation paths of the rays because in this case it is a direct problem. However inverse problem in the framework of geometrical optics is…
We investigate statistical distributions of differences in gravitational-lensing deflections between two light rays, the so-called lensing excursion angles. A probability distribution function of the lensing excursion angles, which plays a…
An exact analytical expression for the bending angle of light due to a non-rotating massive object, considering the actual distances from source and observer to the gravitational mass, is derived. Our novel formula generalizes Darwin…
Gravitational lenses are examined in de-Sitter (dS) background, for which the existence of the dS horizon is taken into account and hyperbolic trigonometry is used together with the hyperbolic angular diameter distance. Spherical…
In the present work, we theoretically investigate light deflection in the weak and strong field regimes for two regular spacetimes with corrections from loop quantum gravity. We treat analytically the expansions for both limits and use them…
We present a simple prescription for the rotation of polarization produced by a relativistically moving gravitational lens, applicable to arbitrary deflection angle and arbitrary velocity of the lens. When geometric optics is applicable,…
Flexion is a non-linear gravitational lensing effect that arises from gradients in the convergence and shear across an image. We derive a formalism that describes non-linear gravitational lensing by a circularly symmetric lens in the…
In this work are reviewed several aspects of gravitational lensing produced by astrophysical bodies that strongly curve the spacetime in their vicinity. When an object with a photon sphere (e.g. a black hole) is interposed between a source…
Gravitational lensing has developed into one of the most powerful tools for the analysis of the dark universe. This review summarises the theory of gravitational lensing, its main current applications and representative results achieved so…
The mass of an astrophysical object can be estimated by the amount of gravitational lensing of another object that it causes. To arrive at the estimation however, one assumes the validity of the inverse square law of gravity, or…
The gravitational deflection of test particles including light, due to a radially moving Kerr-Newman black hole with an arbitrary constant velocity being perpendicular to its angular momentum, is investigated. In harmonic coordinates, we…
We are developing a general, unified, and rigorous analytical framework for using gravitational lensing by compact objects to test different theories of gravity beyond the weak-deflection limit. In this paper we present the formalism for…