Related papers: Analytical formulas for gravitational lensing
The bending angle of light is a central quantity in the theory of gravitational lensing. We develop an analytical perturbation framework for calculating the bending angle of light rays lensed by a Schwarzschild black hole. Using a…
Gravitational waves propagate along null geodesics like light rays in the geometrical optics approximation, and they may have a chance to suffer from gravitational lensing by intervening objects, as is the case for electromagnetic waves.…
Gravitational lensing and stellar dynamics are two independent methods, based solely on gravity, to study the mass distributions of galaxies. Both methods suffer from degeneracies, however, that are difficult to break. In this paper, we…
Predictions of the standard thin lens approximation and a new iterative approach to gravitational lensing are compared with an ``exact'' approach in simple test cases involving one or two lenses. We show that the thin lens and iterative…
We study gravitational lensing by $k-n$ generalized black-bounce space-times both in regimes of weak and strong field approximations. These metrics interpolate between regular black holes and one-way or traversable wormholes. First, we…
The influence of plasma on different effects of gravitational lensing is reviewed. Using the Hamiltonian approach for geometrical optics in a medium in the presence of gravity, an exact formula for the photon deflection angle by a black…
We investigate interferometric techniques to estimate the deflection angle of an optical beam and compare them to the direct detection of the beam deflection. We show that quantum metrology methods lead to a unifying treatment for both…
Applying the perturbative approach to geodesic equations, we study motion of the test particles in time-dependent spherically symmetric spacetimes created by oscillating dark matter. Assuming the weakness of the gravitational field, we…
We show that gravitational lensing can provide a direct method to probe the nature of dark energy at astrophysical scales. For lensing system as an isolated astrophysical object, we derive the dark energy contribution to gravitational…
We derive an analytic expression for the mean magnification due to strong gravitational lensing, using a simple lens model, a singular isothermal sphere embedded in an external shear field. We compute separate expressions for 2-image and…
We first define what we mean by gravitational lensing equations in a general space-time. A set of exact relations are then derived that can be used as the gravitational lens equations in all physical situations. The caveat is that into…
We study light propagation and gravitational lensing in scalar-tensor theories of gravity by using a static, axisymmetric exterior solution. The solution has asymptotic flatness properties and is reduced to Voorhees's one in the case of a…
We analyze lensing of photons and neutrinos in a gravitational field, proposing a method to include radiative effects in classical lens equations. The study uses Schwarzschild and a Reissner-Nordstrom metrics expanded at second post…
The theory of gravitational lensing is reviewed from a spacetime perspective, without quasi-Newtonian approximations. More precisely, the review covers all aspects of gravitational lensing where light propagation is described in terms of…
By using a method improved with a generalized optical metric, the deflection of light for an observer and source at finite distance from a lens object in a stationary, axisymmetric and asymptotically flat spacetime has been recently…
We investigate strong gravitational lensing by a marginally unstable photon sphere in a Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m naked singularity spacetime. Using the Picard-Fuchs equation, we derive full-order power series expressions for the deflection…
We present a framework for the study of lensing in spherically symmetric spacetimes within the context of f(R) gravity. Equations for the propagation of null geodesics, together with an expression for the bending angle are derived for any…
Numerous vector angular spectrum methods have been presented to model the vectorial nature of diffractive electromagnetic field, facilitating optical field engineering in polarization-related and high numerical aperture systems. However,…
In strong gravitational lens systems, the light bending is usually dominated by one main galaxy, but may be affected by other mass along the line of sight (LOS). Shear and convergence can be used to approximate the contributions from less…
We propose a new ray-tracing algorithm to measure the weak lensing shear and convergence fields directly from N-body simulations. We calculate the deflection of the light rays lensed by the 3-D mass density field or gravitational potential…